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A new assessment of bicycle helmets: the brain injury mitigation effects of new technologies in oblique impacts

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Title: A new assessment of bicycle helmets: the brain injury mitigation effects of new technologies in oblique impacts
Authors: Abayazid, F
Ding, K
Zimmerman, K
Stigson, H
Ghajari, M
Item Type: Journal Article
Abstract: New helmet technologies have been developed to improve the mitigation of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in bicycle accidents. However, their effectiveness under oblique impacts, which produce more strains in the brain in comparison with vertical impacts adopted by helmet standards, is still unclear. Here we used a new method to assess the brain injury prevention effects of 27 bicycle helmets in oblique impacts, including helmets fitted with a friction-reducing layer (MIPS), a shearing pad (SPIN), a wavy cellular liner (WaveCel), an airbag helmet (Hövding) and a number of conventional helmets. We tested whether helmets fitted with the new technologies can provide better brain protection than conventional helmets. Each helmeted headform was dropped onto a 45° inclined anvil at 6.3 m/s at three locations, with each impact location producing a dominant head rotation about one anatomical axes of the head. A detailed computational model of TBI was used to determine strain distribution across the brain and in key anatomical regions, the corpus callosum and sulci. Our results show that, in comparison with conventional helmets, the majority of helmets incorporating new technologies significantly reduced peak rotational acceleration and velocity and maximal strain in corpus callosum and sulci. Only one helmet with MIPS significantly increased strain in the corpus collosum. The helmets fitted with MIPS and WaveCel were more effective in reducing strain in impacts producing sagittal rotations and a helmet fitted with SPIN in coronal rotations. The airbag helmet was effective in reducing brain strain in all impacts, however, peak rotational velocity and brain strain heavily depended on the analysis time. These results suggest that incorporating different impact locations in future oblique impact test methods and designing helmet technologies for the mitigation of head rotation in different planes are key to reducing brain injuries in bicycle accidents.
Issue Date: 10-May-2021
Date of Acceptance: 24-Apr-2021
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/89543
DOI: 10.1007/s10439-021-02785-0
ISSN: 0090-6964
Publisher: Springer
Start Page: 2716
End Page: 2733
Journal / Book Title: Annals of Biomedical Engineering
Volume: 49
Copyright Statement: © 2021 The Author(s). This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Keywords: Science & Technology
Technology
Engineering, Biomedical
Engineering
Traumatic brain injury
Helmets
Rotational motion
Oblique impacts
Standards
HEAD
TRANSPORT
Helmets
Oblique impacts
Rotational motion
Standards
Traumatic brain injury
Science & Technology
Technology
Engineering, Biomedical
Engineering
Traumatic brain injury
Helmets
Rotational motion
Oblique impacts
Standards
HEAD
TRANSPORT
Biomedical Engineering
09 Engineering
11 Medical and Health Sciences
Publication Status: Published
Online Publication Date: 2021-05-10
Appears in Collections:Faculty of Medicine
Dyson School of Design Engineering
Department of Brain Sciences
Faculty of Engineering



This item is licensed under a Creative Commons License Creative Commons