Long term outcomes of initial Infliximab therapy for inflammatory pouch pathology: a multi-centre retrospective study

Abstract

Background: Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis is considered the procedure of choice in patients with ulcerative colitis refractory to medical therapy. Subsequent inflammation of the pouch is a common complication and in some cases pouchitis fails to respond to antibiotics, the mainstay of treatment. In such cases, corticosteroids, immunomodulatory or biologic treatments are options. However, our understanding of the efficacy of anti-tumour necrosis factor medications in both chronic pouchitis and Crohn’s-like inflammation are based on studies that include relatively small numbers of patients. Methods: This was an observational, retrospective, multi-centre study to assess the long-term effectiveness and safety of infliximab for inflammatory disorders related to the ileoanal pouch. The primary outcome was the development of infliximab failure defined by early failure to infliximab or secondary loss of response to infliximab. Results: Thirty-four patients met the inclusion criteria; 18/34 (53%) who were initiated on infliximab for inflammatory disorders of the pouch had infliximab failure, 3/34 (8%) had early failure, and 15/34 (44%) had secondary loss of response with a median follow-up of 280 days (range 3-47 months). In total, 24/34 (71%) avoided an ileostomy by switching to other medical therapies at a median follow-up of follow-up of 366 days (1-130 months). Conclusions: Initial infliximab therapy for pouch inflammatory conditions is associated with Infliximab failure in just over half of all patients. Despite a high failure rate, an ileostomy can be avoided in almost three quarters of patients at four years by using other medical therapies.