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5-axis multi-material 3D printing of curved electrical traces

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Title: 5-axis multi-material 3D printing of curved electrical traces
Authors: Hong, F
Lampret, B
Myant, C
Hodges, S
Boyle, D
Item Type: Journal Article
Abstract: Prototyping three-dimensional (3D) printed electronics via material extrusion (MEX) has become popular in recent years with the increased availability of commercial conductive filaments. However, the current planar 3D printing method of layer upon layer construction shows clear challenges in extruding conductive traces for inclining surfaces. This inherent limitation of planar 3D printing restricts the design freedom of 3D printed electrically conductive objects with conductive filaments based on Polylactic Acid (PLA). To overcome this limitation of planar 3D printing, this paper describes a novel method of employing a multi-material 5-axis 3D printer to extrude conductive PLA in curved layers. The paper characterises changes in the resistivity of printed traces for angles of incline and curvatures using two commercial conductive PLA filaments. Conductive traces were printed via a custom-built desktop 5-axis 3D printer and a conventional multi-material MEX 3D printer. We found that 3D printing following a conformal approach can reduce the resistivity of the vertical conductive trace by more than 9 times. The paper concludes by successfully fabricating complex conductive patterns onto free-form doubly curved substrates.
Issue Date: 25-May-2023
Date of Acceptance: 7-Apr-2023
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/113553
DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2023.103546
ISSN: 2214-7810
Publisher: Elsevier
Journal / Book Title: Additive Manufacturing
Volume: 70
Copyright Statement: © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).
Publication Status: Published
Article Number: 103546
Online Publication Date: 2023-04-11
Appears in Collections:Dyson School of Design Engineering



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