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Detection of potentially novel paramyxovirus and coronavirus viral RNA in bats and rats in the Mekong Delta region of southern Viet Nam

Title: Detection of potentially novel paramyxovirus and coronavirus viral RNA in bats and rats in the Mekong Delta region of southern Viet Nam
Authors: Berto, A
Anh, PH
Carrique-Mas, JJ
Simmonds, P
Van Cuong, N
Tue, NT
Van Dung, N
Woolhouse, ME
Smith, I
Marsh, GA
Bryant, JE
Thwaites, GE
Baker, S
Rabaa, MA
Item Type: Journal Article
Abstract: Bats and rodents are being increasingly recognized as reservoirs of emerging zoonotic viruses. Various studies have investigated bat viruses in tropical regions, but to date there are no data regarding viruses with zoonotic potential that circulate in bat and rat populations in Viet Nam. To address this paucity of data, we sampled three bat farms and three wet markets trading in rat meat in the Mekong Delta region of southern Viet Nam. Faecal and urine samples were screened for the presence of RNA from paramyxoviruses, coronaviruses and filoviruses. Paramyxovirus RNA was detected in 4 of 248 (1%) and 11 of 222 (4.9%) bat faecal and urine samples, respectively. Coronavirus RNA was detected in 55 of 248 (22%) of bat faecal samples; filovirus RNA was not detected in any of the bat samples. Further, coronavirus RNA was detected in 12 of 270 (4.4%) of rat faecal samples; all samples tested negative for paramyxovirus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the bat paramyxoviruses and bat and rat coronaviruses were related to viruses circulating in bat and rodent populations globally, but showed no cross‐species mixing of viruses between bat and rat populations within Viet Nam. Our study shows that potentially novel variants of paramyxoviruses and coronaviruses commonly circulate in bat and rat populations in Viet Nam. Further characterization of the viruses and additional human and animal surveillance is required to evaluate the likelihood of viral spillover and to assess whether these viruses pose a risk to human health.
Issue Date: 1-Feb-2018
Date of Acceptance: 1-Apr-2017
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/67729
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zph.12362
ISSN: 0931-1793
Publisher: Wiley
Start Page: 30
End Page: 42
Journal / Book Title: Zoonoses and Public Health
Volume: 65
Issue: 1
Copyright Statement: © 2017 The Authors. Zoonoses and Public Health Published by Blackwell Verlag GmbH This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Sponsor/Funder: Wellcome Trust
Funder's Grant Number: 093724/E/10/Z
Keywords: Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Infectious Diseases
Veterinary Sciences
bats
coronavirus
paramyxovirus
rats
Viet Nam
zoonotic viruses
VIRUS-INFECTION
FRUIT BATS
CHINA
DIVERSITY
EVOLUTION
EPIDEMIOLOGY
MODELS
RABIES
Animals
Chiroptera
Coronavirus
Feces
Filoviridae
Humans
Paramyxoviridae
Phylogeny
RNA, Viral
Rats
Urine
Vietnam
VIZIONS consortium
06 Biological Sciences
07 Agricultural And Veterinary Sciences
11 Medical And Health Sciences
Publication Status: Published
Online Publication Date: 2017-04-18
Appears in Collections:Department of Medicine (up to 2019)