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A balanced type 1/type 2 response is associated with long-term nonprogressive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection

Title: A balanced type 1/type 2 response is associated with long-term nonprogressive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
Authors: Imami, N
Pires, A
Hardy, G
Wilson, J
Gazzard, B
Gotch, F
Item Type: Journal Article
Abstract: Previous reports have emphasized the requirements for strong type 1 cell-mediated responses in the control of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). HIV-1 Gag p24-specific CD4 helper T-lymphocyte (HTL) responses have been shown to inversely correlate with viral burden in HIV-1-infected individuals. In this study, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 70 individuals with chronic progressive HIV-1 infection (clinical progressors), 10 clinical nonprogressors, and 3 immunologically discordant progressors were assessed for HTL proliferation and type 1/type 2 cytokine production. Clinical progressors lacked functional HIV-1-specific HTLs with proliferative and cytokine-producing capacity. Clinical nonprogressors were found to respond to a wide range of HIV-1 antigens from different clades, producing both type 1 and type 2 cytokines. Immunologically discordant progressors responded strongly to clade B Gag p24 with a type 1 cytokine profile but not to other antigens. Thus, in contrast to clinical nonprogressors, neither progressors nor immunologically discordant progressors secreted interleukin-4 (IL-4) in response to HIV-1 antigens. Both clinical nonprogressors and immunologically discordant progressors responded broadly to B clade Gag p24-overlapping peptides. However, IL-4 production in the nonprogressors was restricted to a limited number of p24 peptides. No HIV-1-specific T-cell responses were seen in 20 seronegative controls. Additionally, we observed a rapid type 1 to type 2 shift in the response of one immunologically discordant progressor upon onset of clinical symptoms. These results suggest that a balanced type 1/type 2 profile correlates with successful long-term control of HIV-1.
Issue Date: Sep-2002
Date of Acceptance: 1-Sep-2002
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/105745
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.18.9011-9023.2002
ISSN: 0022-538X
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Start Page: 9011
End Page: 9023
Journal / Book Title: Journal of Virology
Volume: 76
Issue: 18
Copyright Statement: Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Publication Status: Published
Online Publication Date: 2002-09-15
Appears in Collections:Department of Infectious Diseases