Macrocyclic dizinc(II) alkyl and alkoxide complexes: Reversible CO2 uptake and polymerization catalysis testing
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Author(s)
Williams, CK
Romain, C
White, AJP
Brooker, S
Bennington, M
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
The synthesis of three new dizinc(II) complexes bearing a macrocyclic [2 + 2] Schiff base ligand is reported. The bis(anilido)tetraimine macrocycle reacts with diethylzinc to form a bis(ethyl)dizinc(II) complex, [LEtZn₂Et₂] (1). The reaction of complex 1 with isopropyl alcohol is reported, forming a bis(isopropyl alkoxide)dizinc complex, [LEtZn₂(iPrO)₂] (2). Furthermore, complex 1, with 2 equiv of alcohol, is applied as an initiator for racemic lactide ring-opening polymerization. It shows moderately high activity, resulting in a pseudo-first-order rate coefficient of 9.8 × 10⁻³ min⁻¹, with [LA] = 1 M and [initiator] = 5 mM at 25 °C and in a tetrahydrofuran solvent. Polymerization occurs with good control, as evidenced by the linear fit to a plot of molecular weight versus conversion, the narrow dispersities, and the limited transesterification. The same initiating system is inactive for the ring-opening copolymerization of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and cyclohexene oxide at 80 °C and 1 bar of CO₂ pressure. However, stoichiometric reactions between complex 2 and CO₂, at 1 bar pressure, result in the reversible formation of new dizinc carbonate species, [LEtZn₂(iPrO)(iPrOCO₂)] (3a) and [LEtZn₂(iPrOCO₂)₂] (3b), and the reaction was studied using density functional theory calculations. All of the new complexes, 1–3b, are fully characterized, including NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
Date Issued
2015-12-01
Date Acceptance
2015-11-09
Citation
Inorganic Chemistry, 2015, 54 (24), pp.11842-11851
ISSN
1520-510X
Publisher
American Chemical Society
Start Page
11842
End Page
11851
Journal / Book Title
Inorganic Chemistry
Volume
54
Issue
24
Copyright Statement
© 2015 American Chemical Society. This is an open access article published under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the author and source are cited.
License URL
Sponsor
Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC)
Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (E
Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC)
Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (E
Grant Number
EP/K035274/1
EP/K014668/1
EP/K014676/1
EP/L017393/1
Subjects
Inorganic & Nuclear Chemistry
0302 Inorganic Chemistry
0904 Chemical Engineering
0399 Other Chemical Sciences
Publication Status
Published