Direct simulation of entrainment in forced fountains and cumulus clouds
File(s)
Author(s)
Huang, Jingzi
Type
Thesis
Abstract
To investigate the entrainment between a shallow cumulus cloud and its environment, and the entrainment between the updraft and subsiding shell of the shallow cumulus cloud, the thesis is divided into two parts. In the first part, the entrainment of a simple analogue, a single-phase forced fountain, is examined; this has a similar structure to the cumulus cloud but is dynamically simpler. Furthermore, this flow is examined in a quiescent environment of uniform density. In the second part, the focus is moved to the shallow cumulus cloud, for which the dynamics are affected by the stratified atmosphere. The shallow cumulus cloud not only transports the temperature but also the humidity, involving the water phase change where the latent heat will influence the temperature, which can be regarded as a `moist fountain'. In order to examine full-scale details, both stages use direct simulation to study the fountain and cumulus cloud.
Version
Open Access
Date Issued
2023-10-21
Date Awarded
01/03/2024
Copyright Statement
Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial Licence
License URL
Advisor
van Reeuwijk, Maarten
Burridge, Henry
Publisher Department
Civil and Environmental Engineering
Publisher Institution
Imperial College London
Qualification Level
Doctoral
Qualification Name
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)