Herberg, JAJAHerbergKaforou, MMKaforouGormley, SSGormleySumner, ERERSumnerPatel, SSPatelJones, KDJKDJJonesPaulus, SSPaulusFink, CCFinkMartinon-Torres, FFMartinon-TorresMontana, GGMontanaWright, VJVJWrightLevin, MMLevin2016-01-272013-11-152016-01-272013-11-15Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2013, 208 (10), pp.1664-16681537-6613http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/29042We compared the blood RNA transcriptome of children hospitalized with influenza A H1N1/09, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) or bacterial infection, and healthy controls. Compared to controls, H1N1/09 patients showed increased expression of inflammatory pathway genes and reduced expression of adaptive immune pathway genes. This was validated on an independent cohort. The most significant function distinguishing H1N1/09 patients from controls was protein synthesis, with reduced gene expression. Reduced expression of protein synthesis genes also characterized the H1N1/09 expression profile compared to children with RSV and bacterial infection, suggesting that this is a key component of the pathophysiological response in children hospitalized with H1N1/09 infection.© The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Journal of Infectious Diseases following peer review. The version of record J Infect Dis. (2013) 208 (10): 1664-1668. is available online at: https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jit348Science & TechnologyLife Sciences & BiomedicineImmunologyInfectious DiseasesMicrobiologyIMMUNOLOGYINFECTIOUS DISEASESMICROBIOLOGYinfluenzarespiratory tract infectiongene expression profilingRSVPeptide Chain InitiationeIF-2 Kinasemicroarray analysispediatricVIRUSPATTERNSINFECTIONJournal Articlehttps://www.dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jit348N/A