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Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome
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Title: | Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome |
Authors: | Barber, TM Franks, S |
Item Type: | Journal Article |
Abstract: | The increased global prevalence of obesity over the last 40‐years has driven a rise in prevalence of obesity‐related co‐morbidities, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). On a background of genetic susceptibility, PCOS often becomes clinically manifest following weight gain, commonly during adolescence. A common endocrinopathy affecting between 6%‐10% of reproductive‐age women, PCOS presents with the cardinal features of hyperandrogenism, reproductive and metabolic dysfunction. PCOS associates with insulin resistance, independently of (but amplified by) obesity. Insulin resistance in PCOS is characterized by abnormal post‐receptor signalling within the phosphatidylinositol‐kinase (PI3‐K) pathway. Multiple factors (including most notably, weight gain) contribute towards the severity of insulin resistance in PCOS. Compensatory hyperinsulinaemia ensues, resulting in over‐stimulation of the (intact) post‐receptor mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAP‐K) insulin pathway, with consequent implications for steroidogenesis and ovarian function. In this concise review, we explore the effects of weight gain and obesity on the pathogenesis of PCOS from the perspective of its three cardinal features of hyperandrogenism, reproductive and metabolic dysfunction, with a focus on the central mediating role of the insulin pathway. We also consider key lifestyle strategies for the effective management of obese and overweight women with PCOS. |
Issue Date: | Oct-2021 |
Date of Acceptance: | 14-Jan-2021 |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/86545 |
DOI: | 10.1111/cen.14421 |
ISSN: | 0300-0664 |
Publisher: | Society for Endocrinology |
Start Page: | 531 |
End Page: | 541 |
Journal / Book Title: | Clinical Endocrinology |
Volume: | 95 |
Issue: | 4 |
Copyright Statement: | © 2021 The Authors. Clinical Endocrinology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. |
Keywords: | Science & Technology Life Sciences & Biomedicine Endocrinology & Metabolism metabolism obesity polycystic ovary syndrome OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-APNEA HORMONE-BINDING GLOBULIN FOLLICLE-STIMULATING-HORMONE EXERCISE TRAINING-PROGRAM INSULIN-RESISTANCE LUTEINIZING-HORMONE ANOVULATORY WOMEN VISCERAL FAT 5-ALPHA-REDUCTASE ACTIVITY CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE metabolism obesity polycystic ovary syndrome Science & Technology Life Sciences & Biomedicine Endocrinology & Metabolism metabolism obesity polycystic ovary syndrome Endocrinology & Metabolism 1103 Clinical Sciences 1114 Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine |
Publication Status: | Published |
Online Publication Date: | 2021-01-18 |
Appears in Collections: | Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction Faculty of Medicine |
This item is licensed under a Creative Commons License