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A combination of metabolites predicts adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern and its associations with insulin sensitivity and lipid homeostasis in the general population: The Fenland Study, United Kingdom

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Title: A combination of metabolites predicts adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern and its associations with insulin sensitivity and lipid homeostasis in the general population: The Fenland Study, United Kingdom
Authors: Tong, TYN
Koulman, A
Griffin, JL
Wareham, NJ
Forouhi, NG
Imamura, F
Item Type: Journal Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Cardiometabolic benefits of the Mediterranean diet have been recognized, but underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate how the Mediterranean diet could influence circulating metabolites and how the metabolites could mediate the associations of the diet with cardiometabolic risk factors. METHODS: Among 10,806 participants (58.9% women, mean age = 48.4 y) in the Fenland Study (2004-2015) in the United Kingdom, we assessed dietary consumption with FFQs and conducted a targeted metabolomics assay for 175 plasma metabolites (acylcarnitines, amines, sphingolipids, and phospholipids). We examined cross-sectional associations of the Mediterranean diet score (MDS) and its major components with each metabolite, modeling multivariable-adjusted linear regression. We used the regression estimates to summarize metabolites associated with the MDS into a metabolite score as a marker of the diet. Subsequently, we assessed how much metabolite subclasses and the metabolite score would mediate the associations of the MDS with circulating lipids, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and other metabolic factors by comparing regression estimates upon adjustment for the metabolites. RESULTS: Sixty-six metabolites were significantly associated with the MDS (P ≤ 0.003, corrected for false discovery rate) (Spearman correlations, r: -0.28 to +0.28). The metabolite score was moderately correlated with the MDS (r = 0.43). Of MDS components, consumption of nuts, cereals, and meats contributed to variations in acylcarnitines; fruits, to amino acids and amines; and fish, to phospholipids. The metabolite score was estimated to explain 37.2% of the inverse association of the MDS with HOMA-IR (P for mediation < 0.05). The associations of the MDS with cardiometabolic factors were estimated to be mediated by acylcarnitines, sphingolipids, and phospholipids. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple metabolites relate to the Mediterranean diet in a healthy general British population and highlight the potential to identify a set of biomarkers for an overall diet. The associations may involve pathways of phospholipid metabolism, carnitine metabolism, and development of insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.
Issue Date: 1-Mar-2020
Date of Acceptance: 27-Sep-2019
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/81842
DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz263
ISSN: 0022-3166
Publisher: American Society for Nutrition
Start Page: 568
End Page: 578
Journal / Book Title: The Journal of Nutrition
Volume: 150
Issue: 3
Copyright Statement: © The Author(s) 2019. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work isproperly cited.
Keywords: Mediterranean diet
acylcarnitines
amines
biomarkers
dietary pattern
metabolomics
molecular epidemiology
nutritional epidemiology
phospholipids
sphingolipids
Mediterranean diet
acylcarnitines
amines
biomarkers
dietary pattern
metabolomics
molecular epidemiology
nutritional epidemiology
phospholipids
sphingolipids
0702 Animal Production
0908 Food Sciences
1111 Nutrition and Dietetics
Nutrition & Dietetics
Publication Status: Published
Conference Place: United States
Online Publication Date: 2019-10-26
Appears in Collections:Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction



This item is licensed under a Creative Commons License Creative Commons