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A 1D RCE study of factors affecting the tropical tropopause layer and surface climate
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1d-rce-study (1).pdf | Accepted version | 334.43 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
Title: | A 1D RCE study of factors affecting the tropical tropopause layer and surface climate |
Authors: | Dacie, S Kluft, L Schmidt, H Stevens, B Buehler, SA Nowack, PJ Dietmüller, S Abraham, NL Birner, T |
Item Type: | Journal Article |
Abstract: | There are discrepancies between global climate models regarding the evolution of the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) and also whether changes in ozone impact the surface under climate change. We use a 1D clear-sky radiative-convective equilibrium model to determine how a variety of factors can affect the TTL and how they influence surface climate. We develop a new method of convective adjustment, which relaxes the temperature profile towards the moist adiabat and allows for cooling above the level of neutral buoyancy. The TTL temperatures in our model are sensitive to CO2 concentration, ozone profile, the method of convective adjustment and the upwelling velocity, which is used to calculate a dynamical cooling rate in the stratosphere. Moreover, the temperature response of the TTL to changes in each of the above factors sometimes depends on the others. The surface temperature response to changes in ozone and upwelling at and above the TTL is also strongly amplified by both stratospheric and tropospheric water vapour changes. With all these influencing factors, it is not surprising that global models disagree with regard to TTL structure and evolution and the influence of ozone changes on surface temperatures. On the other hand, the effect of doubling CO2 on the surface, including just radiative, water vapour and lapse rate feedbacks, is relatively robust to changes in convection, upwelling or the applied ozone profile. |
Issue Date: | 15-Oct-2019 |
Date of Acceptance: | 1-Jul-2019 |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/72259 |
DOI: | 10.1175/jcli-d-18-0778.1 |
ISSN: | 0894-8755 |
Publisher: | American Meteorological Society |
Start Page: | 6769 |
End Page: | 6782 |
Journal / Book Title: | Journal of Climate |
Volume: | 32 |
Copyright Statement: | © 2019 American Meteorological Society. For information regarding reuse of this content and general copyright information, consult the AMS Copyright Policy (www.ametsoc.org/PUBSReuseLicenses) |
Keywords: | Science & Technology Physical Sciences Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences Radiative-convective equilibrium Tropopause Climate sensitivity Ozone Single column models BREWER-DOBSON CIRCULATION MODEL EQUILIBRIUM 0401 Atmospheric Sciences 0405 Oceanography 0909 Geomatic Engineering Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
Publication Status: | Published |
Article Number: | JCLI-D-18-0778.1 |
Online Publication Date: | 2019-09-11 |
Appears in Collections: | Centre for Environmental Policy Faculty of Natural Sciences |