A geometric method of singularity avoidance for kinematically redundant planar parallel robots

Abstract

Methods for avoiding singularities of closed-loop robot mechanisms have been traditionally based on the value of the determinant or the condition number of the Jacobian. A major drawback of these standard techniques is that the closeness of a robot configuration to a singularity lacks geometric, physical interpretation, thus implying that it is uncertain how changes in the robot pose actually move further away the mechanism from such a problematic configuration. This paper presents a geometric approach of singularity avoidance for kinematically redundant planar parallel robots that eliminates the disadvantages of Jacobian-based techniques. The proposed method, which is based on the properties of instantaneous centres of rotation, defines a mathematical distance to a singularity and provides a reliable way of moving the robot further from a singular configuration without changing the pose of the end-effector. The approach is demonstrated on an example robot mechanism and the reciprocal of the condition number of the Jacobian is used to show its advantages.