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Simple Phosphinate Ligands Access New Zinc Clusters Identified in the Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
File | Description | Size | Format | |
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![]() | Accepted version | 2.16 MB | Microsoft Word | View/Open |
![]() | Supporting information | 5.07 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
![]() | Published version | 1.56 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
Title: | Simple Phosphinate Ligands Access New Zinc Clusters Identified in the Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles |
Authors: | Pike, S White, E Shaffer, M Williams, CK |
Item Type: | Journal Article |
Abstract: | The bottom-up synthesis of ligand-stabilised functional nanoparticles from molecular precursors is widely applied but difficult to study mechanistically. Here, we use 31P NMR spectroscopy to follow the trajectory of phosphinate ligands during the synthesis of a range of new ligated zinc oxo clusters, containing 4, 6 and 11 zinc atoms. Using an organometallic route, the clusters interconvert rapidly, and self-assemble in solution based on thermodynamic equilibria, rather than nucleation kinetics. These clusters are also identified, in situ, during the synthesis of phosphinate-capped zinc oxide nanoparticles. Unexpectedly, the ligand is sequestered to a stable Zn11 cluster during the majority of the synthesis and only becomes coordinated to the nanoparticle surface, in the final step. As well as a versatile and accessible route to new (optionally doped) zinc clusters, the findings provide a new understanding of the role of well-defined molecular precursors during the synthesis of small (2-4 nm) nanoparticles. |
Issue Date: | 13-Oct-2016 |
Date of Acceptance: | 1-Jul-2016 |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/37056 |
DOI: | https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms13008 |
ISSN: | 2041-1723 |
Publisher: | Nature Publishing Group |
Journal / Book Title: | Nature Communications |
Volume: | 7 |
Copyright Statement: | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ © The Author(s) 2016 |
Sponsor/Funder: | Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC) Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC) Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC) |
Funder's Grant Number: | EP/H046380/1 EP/K035274/1 EP/M013839/1 |
Keywords: | MD Multidisciplinary |
Publication Status: | Published |
Article Number: | 13008 |
Appears in Collections: | Chemistry Grantham Institute for Climate Change Faculty of Natural Sciences |