Finite element modelling of pellet-clad interaction during operational transients

Abstract

A finite element model of pellet-clad interaction in advanced gas cooled reactor fuel experiencing extended reduced power operations is presented. The model considers a 1/8th segment of fuel and overlaying cladding bonded to it. A radial crack is introduced to the pellet, this is able to open and close, straining a section of cladding above the crack. In addition, circumferential cracks in the fuel pellet result in a sliver of fuel being bonded to the cladding; this sliver of fuel contains hairline radial cracks, known as ladder cracks, the opening and closing of which are modelled. Finally, the model predicts the creep strain at the tip of an incipient crack in the cladding, ahead of the radial crack in the fuel pellet. Results show that the crack tip creep strain is strongly dependent on the model of ladder cracking chosen.