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A novel design of hip-stem with reduced strain-shielding

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Title: A novel design of hip-stem with reduced strain-shielding
Authors: Loha, T
Bhattacharya, R
Pal, B
Amis, AA
Item Type: Journal Article
Abstract: The use of uncemented stems in hip arthroplasty has been increasing, even in osteoporotic patients. The major concerns of uncemented hip-stems, however, are peri-prosthetic fracture, thigh pain, and proximal femoral stress-/strain-shielding. In this study, a novel design of uncemented hip-stem is proposed that will reduce such concerns, improve osseointegration, and benefit both osteoporotic and arthritic patients. The stem has a central titanium alloy core surrounded by a set of radial buttresses that are partly porous titanium, as is the stem tip. The aim of the study was to investigate the mechanical behaviour of the proposed partly-porous design, examining load transfer in the short-term, and comparing its strain-shielding behaviour with a solid metal implant. The long-term effect of implant-induced bone remodelling was also simulated. Computed tomography based three-dimensional finite element models of an intact proximal femur, and the same femur implanted with the proposed design, were developed. Peak hip contact and major muscle forces corresponding to level-walking and stair climbing were applied. The proposed partly-porous design had approximately 50% lower strain-shielding than the solid-metal counterpart. Results of bone remodelling simulation indicated that only 16% of the total bone volume is subjected to reduction of bone density. Strain concentrations were observed in the bone around the stem-tip for both solid and porous implants; however, it was less prominent for the porous design. Lower strain-shielding and reduced bone resorption are advantageous for long-term fixation, and the reduced strain concentration around the stem-tip indicates a lower risk of peri-prosthetic fracture.
Issue Date: May-2024
Date of Acceptance: 1-Apr-2024
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/111678
DOI: 10.1177/09544119241244537
ISSN: 0954-4119
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Start Page: 471
End Page: 482
Journal / Book Title: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine
Volume: 238
Issue: 5
Copyright Statement: © IMechE 2024. This is the author’s accepted manuscript made available under a CC-BY licence in accordance with Imperial’s Research Publications Open Access policy (www.imperial.ac.uk/oa-policy)
Publication Status: Published
Conference Place: England
Online Publication Date: 2024-04-21
Appears in Collections:Mechanical Engineering



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