A paper-based dual functional biosensor for safe and user-friendly point-of-care urine analysis
File(s)
Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Safe, accurate, and reliable analysis of urinary biomarkers is clinically important for early detection and monitoring of the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), as it has become one of the world's most prevalent non-communicable diseases. However, current technologies for measuring urinary biomarkers are either time-consuming and limited to well-equipped hospitals or lack the necessary sensitivity for quantitative analysis and post a health risk to frontline practitioners. Here we report a robust paper-based dual functional biosensor, which is integrated with the clinical urine sampling vial, for the simultaneous and quantitative analysis of pH and glucose in urine. The pH sensor was fabricated by electrochemically depositing IrOx onto a paper substrate using optimised parameters, which enabled an ultrahigh sensitivity of 71.58 mV pH−1. Glucose oxidase (GOx) was used in combination with an electrochemically deposited Prussian blue layer for the detection of glucose, and its performance was enhanced by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), chitosan, and graphite composites, achieving a sensitivity of 1.5 μA mM−1. This dual function biosensor was validated using clinical urine samples, where a correlation coefficient of 0.96 for pH and 0.98 for glucose detection was achieved with commercial methods as references. More importantly, the urine sampling vial was kept sealed throughout the sample-to-result process, which minimised the health risk to frontline practitioners and simplified the diagnostic procedures. This diagnostic platform, therefore, holds high promise as a rapid, accurate, safe, and user-friendly point-of-care (POC) technology for the analysis of urinary biomarkers in frontline clinical settings.
Date Issued
2024-05-07
Date Acceptance
2024-04-10
Citation
Lab on a Chip: miniaturisation for chemistry, physics, biology, materials science and bioengineering, 2024, 24 (9), pp.2454-2467
ISSN
1473-0189
Publisher
Royal Society of Chemistry
Start Page
2454
End Page
2467
Journal / Book Title
Lab on a Chip: miniaturisation for chemistry, physics, biology, materials science and bioengineering
Volume
24
Issue
9
Copyright Statement
This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2024. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.
License URL
Identifier
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38644805
Subjects
Biochemical Research Methods
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chemistry
Chemistry, Analytical
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
ELECTRODES
GLUCOSE
HOMEOSTASIS
Instruments & Instrumentation
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
OXIDE
PH
Physical Sciences
Science & Technology
Science & Technology - Other Topics
SELECTIVITY
SENSOR
Technology
Publication Status
Published
Coverage Spatial
England
Date Publish Online
2024-04-12