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Sensing and signaling of oxidative stress in chloroplasts by inactivation of the SAL1 phosphoadenosine phosphatase
OA Location
Author(s)
Chan, Kai Xun
Mabbitt, Peter D
Phua, Su Yin
Mueller, Jonathan W
Nisar, Nazia
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Intracellular signaling during oxidative stress is complex, with organelle-to-nucleus retrograde communication pathways ill-defined or incomplete. Here we identify the 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphate (PAP) phosphatase SAL1 as a previously unidentified and conserved oxidative stress sensor in plant chloroplasts. Arabidopsis thaliana SAL1 (AtSAL1) senses changes in photosynthetic redox poise, hydrogen peroxide, and superoxide concentrations in chloroplasts via redox regulatory mechanisms. AtSAL1 phosphatase activity is suppressed by dimerization, intramolecular disulfide formation, and glutathionylation, allowing accumulation of its substrate, PAP, a chloroplast stress retrograde signal that regulates expression of plastid redox associated nuclear genes (PRANGs). This redox regulation of SAL1 for activation of chloroplast signaling is conserved in the plant kingdom, and the plant protein has evolved enhanced redox sensitivity compared with its yeast ortholog. Our results indicate that in addition to sulfur metabolism, SAL1 orthologs have evolved secondary functions in oxidative stress sensing in the plant kingdom.
Date Issued
2016-08-02
Date Acceptance
2016-07-01
Citation
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016, 113 (31), pp.E4567-E4576
URI
URL
DOI
ISSN
0027-8424
Publisher
National Academy of Sciences
Start Page
E4567
End Page
E4576
Journal / Book Title
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Volume
113
Issue
31
Identifier
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27432987
PII: 1604936113
Subjects
ALLOSTERIC INHIBITION
ARABIDOPSIS
chloroplast
DROUGHT
drought stress
EXPRESSION
GLUTATHIONE
MECHANISM
Multidisciplinary Sciences
NORMAL-MODE ANALYSIS
PROTEIN
redox regulation
REDOX REGULATION
retrograde signaling
Science & Technology
Science & Technology - Other Topics
SINGLET OXYGEN
stress sensing
Publication Status
Published
Coverage Spatial
United States
Date Publish Online
2016-07-18