The impact of baseline potassium intake on the dose-response relation between sodium reduction and blood pressure change: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials
File(s)
Accepted version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Sodium and potassium appear to interact with each other in their effects on blood pressure with potassium supplementation having a greater blood pressure lowering-effect when sodium intake is high. Whether the effect of sodium reduction on blood pressure varies according to potassium intake levels is unclear. We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the impact of baseline potassium intake on blood pressure response to sodium reduction in randomized trials in adult populations, with sodium and potassium intake estimated from 24-h urine samples. We included 68 studies involving 5708 participants and conducted univariable and multivariable meta-regression. The median intake of baseline potassium was 67.7 mmol (Interquartile range: 54.6–76.4 mmol), and the mean reduction in sodium intake was 128 mmol (95% CI: 107–148). Multivariable meta-regression that included baseline 24-h urinary potassium excretion, age, ethnicity, baseline blood pressure, change in 24-h urinary sodium excretion, as well as the interaction between baseline 24-h urinary potassium excretion and change in 24-h urinary sodium excretion did not identify a significant association of baseline potassium intake levels with the blood pressure reduction achieved with a 50 mmol lowering of sodium intake (p > 0.05 for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure). A higher starting level of blood pressure was consistently associated with a greater blood pressure reduction from reduced sodium consumption. However, the nonsignificant findings may subject to the limitations of the data available. Additional studies with more varied potassium intake levels would allow a more confident exclusion of an interaction.
Date Issued
2021-11-01
Date Acceptance
2021-02-05
Citation
Journal of Human Hypertension, 2021, 35, pp.946-957
ISSN
0950-9240
Publisher
Springer Nature [academic journals on nature.com]
Start Page
946
End Page
957
Journal / Book Title
Journal of Human Hypertension
Volume
35
Copyright Statement
© Crown 2021. The final publication is available at Springer via https://doi.org/10.1038/s41371-021-00510-x
Identifier
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000625617600003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202
Subjects
Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2021-03-05