Magnetic ordering in moiré graphene multilayers from a continuum Hartree+U approach
File(s)
Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Recently, symmetry-broken ground states, such as correlated insulating states, magnetic order and superconductivity, have been discovered in twisted bilayer graphene (tBLG) and twisted trilayer graphene (tTLG) near the so-called magic angles. Understanding the magnetic order in these systems is challenging, however, as atomistic methods become extremely expensive near the magic angle and continuum approaches fail to capture important atomistic details. In this work, we develop an approach to incorporate short-ranged Hubbard interactions self-consistently in a continuum model. In addition, we include long-ranged Coulomb interactions which are known to be important when doping the flat bands of tBLG and tTLG. Therefore, for the first time, magnetic order in moiré graphene multilayers is self-consistently explored in a continuum model with atomistic detail. With this approach, we perform a systematic analysis of the magnetic phase diagram of tBLG as a function of doping level and twist angle, near the magic angle. Our results are consistent with previous perturbative atomistic Hartree+U calculations. Furthermore, we investigated magnetic order of tTLG, which were found to be similar to those in tBLG. In the future, the developed continuum model can be utilized to investigate magnetic ordering tendencies from short-range exchange interactions in other moiré graphene multilayers as a function of doping, twist angle, screening environment, among other variables.
Date Issued
2026-01-23
Date Acceptance
2025-12-16
Citation
Nanotechnology, 2026, 37 (3)
ISSN
0957-4484
Publisher
IOP Publishing
Journal / Book Title
Nanotechnology
Volume
37
Issue
3
Copyright Statement
© 2026 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
License URL
Identifier
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41401476
Subjects
atomistic
continuum
magnetism
twisted bilayer graphene
Publication Status
Published
Coverage Spatial
England
Article Number
035001
Date Publish Online
2026-01-19