Adiposity and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies
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Author(s)
Ohno, Tomoya
Aune, Dagfinn
Heath, Alicia
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background: Several studies have investigated associations between overweight/obesity and risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis, however, the evidence is not entirely consistent, and previous meta-analyses mainly included case-control studies, which can be affected by various biases. We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies on adiposity and risk of rheumatoid arthritis.
Methods: Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed and Embase databases. Random effects models were used to estimate summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for rheumatoid arthritis in relation to different measures of adiposity.
Results: Thirteen cohort studies (10 publications) were included. The summary RR per 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI was 1.11 (95% CI: 1.05-1.18, I2=50%), but the association was restricted to women (1.15, 95% CI: 1.08-1.21, I2=17%) and not observed in men (0.89, 95% CI: 0.73-1.09, I2=58%). The summary RR per 5 kg/m2 increment in BMI at age 18 years was 1.17 (95% CI: 1.01-1.36, I2=26%, n=3), and per 10 cm increase in waist circumference was 1.13 (95% CI: 1.02-1.25, I2=44%, n=2).
Conclusions: Higher BMI in middle age, BMI at age 18 years, and waist circumference were associated with increased rheumatoid arthritis risk, suggesting adiposity could be targeted for primary prevention.
Background: Several studies have investigated associations between overweight/obesity and risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis, however, the evidence is not entirely consistent, and previous meta-analyses mainly included case-control studies, which can be affected by various biases. We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies on adiposity and risk of rheumatoid arthritis.
Methods: Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed and Embase databases. Random effects models were used to estimate summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for rheumatoid arthritis in relation to different measures of adiposity.
Results: Thirteen cohort studies (10 publications) were included. The summary RR per 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI was 1.11 (95% CI: 1.05-1.18, I2=50%), but the association was restricted to women (1.15, 95% CI: 1.08-1.21, I2=17%) and not observed in men (0.89, 95% CI: 0.73-1.09, I2=58%). The summary RR per 5 kg/m2 increment in BMI at age 18 years was 1.17 (95% CI: 1.01-1.36, I2=26%, n=3), and per 10 cm increase in waist circumference was 1.13 (95% CI: 1.02-1.25, I2=44%, n=2).
Conclusions: Higher BMI in middle age, BMI at age 18 years, and waist circumference were associated with increased rheumatoid arthritis risk, suggesting adiposity could be targeted for primary prevention.
Date Issued
2020-09-29
Date Acceptance
2020-07-06
Citation
Scientific Reports, 2020, 10, pp.1-12
ISSN
2045-2322
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
Start Page
1
End Page
12
Journal / Book Title
Scientific Reports
Volume
10
Copyright Statement
© The Author(s) 2020. Tis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or
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permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from
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License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or
format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the
Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. Te images or other third party material in this
article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the
material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not
permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from
the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
License URL
Identifier
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-71676-6
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
ARTN 16006
Date Publish Online
2020-09-29