The interplay of cancer and hypertension: rising mortality and widening disparities across the United States (1999-2023)
File(s)
Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Growing evidence suggests a strong relationship between hypertension and cancer, which can increase the risk of poor prognosis. However, data regarding mortality related to cancer and hypertension are limited. Our study aims to analyze the mortality trends related to cancer and hypertension in the United States from 1999 to 2023. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational analysis was conducted using mortality data for the adult U.S. population from 1999 to 2023, retrieved from the CDC WONDER database using death certificates. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) were calculated, and annual percentage changes (APCs) were analyzed using JoinPoint Regression. Results: From 1999 to 2023, a total of 1,406,107 deaths related to cancer and hypertension were recorded in the United States. The AAMR increased from 12.59 in 1999 to 35.49 in 2023. Males had a higher mortality rate compared to women throughout the study period (AAMR; 30.3 vs. 20.4). Non-Hispanic (NH) Black Americans, or African Americans had the highest mortality rates, followed by NH white, Hispanic or Latino groups, and other NH groups. The highest AAMR was observed in the South, followed by the Midwest, the Northeast, and the West. Rural areas had higher mortality rates compared to urban areas. Conclusions: Cancer- and hypertension-related mortality rates have consistently increased in the United States from 1999 to 2023, particularly affecting males, NH Black Americans, the southern region, and rural areas. The trends highlight the need for targeted prevention, including early screening, lifestyle changes, and treatment adherence.
Date Issued
2025-05-01
Date Acceptance
2025-05-14
Citation
Medicina, 2025, 61 (5)
ISSN
1010-660X
Publisher
MDPI AG
Journal / Book Title
Medicina
Volume
61
Issue
5
Copyright Statement
© 2025 by the authors. Published by MDPI on behalf of the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0/).
License URL
Identifier
10.3390/medicina61050917
Subjects
hypertension
cancer
mortality
United States
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
917
Date Publish Online
2025-05-19