Multi-label and multimodal classifier for affective states recognition in virtual rehabilitation
File(s)
Accepted version
Author(s)
Rivas, Jesus Joel
Lara, Maria del Carmen
Castrejon, Luis
Hernandez-Franco, Jorge
Orihuela-Espina, Felipe
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Computational systems that process multiple affective states may benefit from explicitly considering the interaction between the states to enhance their recognition performance. This work proposes the combination of a multi-label classifier, Circular Classifier Chain (CCC), with a multimodal classifier, Fusion using a Semi-Naive Bayesian classifier (FSNBC), to include explicitly the dependencies between multiple affective states during the automatic recognition process. This combination of classifiers is applied to a virtual rehabilitation context of post-stroke patients. We collected data from post-stroke patients, which include finger pressure, hand movements, and facial expressions during ten longitudinal sessions. Videos of the sessions were labelled by clinicians to recognize four states: tiredness, anxiety, pain, and engagement. Each state was modelled by the FSNBC receiving the information of finger pressure, hand movements, and facial expressions. The four FSNBCs were linked in the CCC to exploit the dependency relationships between the states. The convergence of CCC was reached by 5 iterations at most for all the patients. Results (ROC AUC)) of CCC with the FSNBC are over 0.940±0.045 ( mean±std.deviation ) for the four states. Relationships of mutual exclusion between engagement and all the other states and co-occurrences between pain and anxiety were detected and discussed.
Date Issued
2022-07-01
Date Acceptance
2021-01-20
Citation
IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing, 2022, 13 (3), pp.1183-1194
ISSN
1949-3045
Publisher
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Start Page
1183
End Page
1194
Journal / Book Title
IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing
Volume
13
Issue
3
Copyright Statement
© 2021 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
Identifier
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9343722
Subjects
Science & Technology
Technology
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Computer Science, Cybernetics
Computer Science
Affective states
affective states' dependency relationships
multi-label classification
multimodal classification
classifier chains
facial expressions
finger pressure
hand movements
posture
Semi-Naive Bayesian classifier
stroke
virtual rehabilitation
EMOTION
FACE
0801 Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
0806 Information Systems
1702 Cognitive Sciences
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2021-02-01