During periods of high solar wind pressure, Saturn’s bow shock is pushed inside Titan’s orbit
exposing the moon and its ionosphere to the solar wind. The Cassini spacecraft’s T96 encounter with Titan
occurred during such a period and showed evidence for shocks associated with Saturn and Titan. It also
revealed the presence of two foreshocks: one prior to the closest approach (foreshock 1) and one after
(foreshock 2). Using electromagnetic hybrid (kinetic ions and fluid electrons) simulations and Cassini
observations,we showthat the origin of foreshock 1 is tied to the formation of a single deformed bow shock for
the Titan-Saturn system. We also report the observations of a structure in foreshock 1 with properties consistent
with those of spontaneous hot flow anomalies formed in the simulations and previously observed at Earth,
Venus, and Mars. The results of hybrid simulations also show the generation of oblique fast magnetosonic
waves upstream of the outbound Titan bow shock in agreement with the observations of large-amplitude
magnetosonic pulsations in foreshock 2. We also discuss the implications of a single deformed bow shock for
new particle acceleration mechanisms and also Saturn’s magnetopause and magnetosphere.