Treatment target achievement after myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke: cardiovascular risk factors, medication use, and lifestyle: the Tromsø Study 2015–16
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Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Aims To investigate European guideline treatment target achievement in cardiovascular risk factors, medication use, and lifestyle, after myocardial infarction (MI) or ischaemic stroke, in women and men living in Norway. Methods and results In the population-based Tromsø Study 2015–16 (attendance 65%), 904 participants had previous validated MI and/or stroke. Cross-sectionally, we investigated target achievement for blood pressure (<140/90 mmHg, <130/80 mmHg if diabetes), LDL cholesterol (<1.8 mmol/L), HbA1c (<7.0% if diabetes), overweight (body mass index (BMI) <25 kg/m2, waist circumference women <80 cm, men <94 cm), smoking (non-smoking), physical activity (self-reported >sedentary, accelerometer-measured moderate-to-vigorous ≥150 min/week), diet (intake of fruits ≥200 g/day, vegetables ≥200 g/day, fish ≥200 g/week, saturated fat <10E%, fibre ≥30 g/day, alcohol women ≤10 g/day, men ≤20 g/day), and medication use (antihypertensives, lipid-lowering drugs, antithrombotics, and antidiabetics), using regression models. Proportion of target achievement was for blood pressure 55.2%, LDL cholesterol 9.0%, HbA1c 42.5%, BMI 21.1%, waist circumference 15.7%, non-smoking 86.7%, self-reported physical activity 79%, objectively measured physical activity 11.8%, intake of fruit 64.4%, vegetables 40.7%, fish 96.7%, saturated fat 24.3%, fibre 29.9%, and alcohol 78.5%, use of antidiabetics 83.6%, lipid-lowering drugs 81.0%, antihypertensives 75.9%, and antithrombotics 74.6%. Only 0.7% achieved all cardiovascular risk factor targets combined. Largely, there was little difference between the sexes, and in characteristics, medication use, and lifestyle among target achievers compared to non-achievers. Conclusion Secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease was suboptimal. A negligible proportion achieved the treatment target for all risk factors. Improvement in follow-up care and treatment after MI and stroke is needed.
Date Issued
2021-03-29
Date Acceptance
2021-03-12
ISSN
2047-4873
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Start Page
362
End Page
370
Journal / Book Title
European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
Volume
29
Issue
2
Copyright Statement
© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
Identifier
https://academic.oup.com/eurjpc/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurjpc/zwab050/6199131
Subjects
Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
Epidemiology
Cardiovascular disease
Myocardial infarction
Stroke
Secondary prevention
CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE
COHORT PROFILE
MANAGEMENT
TRENDS
Cardiovascular disease
Epidemiology
Myocardial infarction
Secondary prevention
Stroke
Publication Status
Published
OA Location
https://academic.oup.com/eurjpc/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurjpc/zwab050/6199131
Date Publish Online
2021-03-29