Estimated Effect of Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine Campaigns, Nigeria and Pakistan, January 2014-April 2016
File(s)
Published version
Author(s)
Shirreff, G
Wadood, MZ
Vaz, RG
Sutter, RW
Grassly, NC
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
In 2014, inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) campaigns were implemented in Nigeria and Pakistan after clinical trials showed that IPV boosts intestinal immunity in children previously given oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). We estimated the effect of these campaigns by using surveillance data collected during January 2014–April 2016. In Nigeria, campaigns with IPV and trivalent OPV (tOPV) substantially reduced the incidence of poliomyelitis caused by circulating serotype-2 vaccine–derived poliovirus (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 0.17 for 90 days after vs. 90 days before campaigns, 95% CI 0.04–0.78) and the prevalence of virus in environmental samples (prevalence ratio [PR] 0.16, 95% CI 0.02–1.33). Campaigns with tOPV alone resulted in similar reductions (IRR 0.59, 95% CI 0.18–1.97; PR 0.45, 95% CI 0.21–0.95). In Pakistan, the effect of IPV+tOPV campaigns on wild-type poliovirus was not significant. Results suggest that administration of IPV alongside OPV can decrease poliovirus transmission if high vaccine coverage is achieved.
Date Issued
2016-11-16
Date Acceptance
2016-11-01
Citation
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2016, 23 (2), pp.258-263
ISSN
1080-6040
Publisher
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Start Page
258
End Page
263
Journal / Book Title
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Volume
23
Issue
2
Copyright Statement
Public Domain. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Identifier
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000393088600010&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202
Subjects
Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Immunology
Infectious Diseases
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL
INTESTINAL IMMUNITY
OPEN-LABEL
ERADICATION
INDIA
SURVEILLANCE
EFFICACY
CHILDREN
ENDGAME
IPV
Nigeria
Pakistan
epidemiology
immunization
inactivated poliovirus vaccine
mass campaign
polio
poliovirus
trivalent oral polio vaccine
vaccination
vaccine campaign
vaccines
viruses
1108 Medical Microbiology
1117 Public Health And Health Services
1103 Clinical Sciences
Microbiology
Publication Status
Published