A high-lift optimization methodology for the design of leading and trailing edges on morphing wings
File(s)applsci-11-02822-v2.pdf (4.03 MB)
Published version
Author(s)
Themistokleous, Charalampos
Markatos, Nikolaos-Grigorios
Prospathopoulos, John
Riziotis, Vasilis
Sieros, Giorgos
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Morphing offers an attractive alternative compared to conventional hinged, multi-element high lift devices. In the present work, morphed shapes of a NACA 64A010 airfoil are optimized for maximum lift characteristics. Deformed shapes of the leading and trailing edge are represented through Bezier curves derived from locally defined control points. The optimization process employs the fast Foil2w in-house viscous-inviscid interaction solver for the calculation of aerodynamic characteristics. Transitional flow results indicate that combined leading and trailing edge morphing may increase maximum lift in the order of 100%. A 60–80% increase is achieved when morphing is applied to leading edge only—the so-called droop nose—while a 45% increase is obtained with trailing edge morphing. Out of the stochastic optimization algorithms tested, the Genetic Algorithm, the Evolution Strategies, and the Particle Swarm Optimizer, the latter performs best. It produces the designs of maximum lift increase with the lowest computational cost. For the optimum morphed designs, verification simulations using the high fidelity MaPFlow CFD solver ensure that the high lift requirements set by the optimization process are met. Although the deformed droop nose increases drag, the aerodynamic performance is improved ensuring the overall effectiveness of the airfoil design during take-off and landing.
Date Issued
2021-03
Date Acceptance
2021-03-16
Citation
Applied Sciences, 2021, 11 (6)
ISSN
2076-3417
Publisher
MDPI AG
Journal / Book Title
Applied Sciences
Volume
11
Issue
6
Copyright Statement
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
License URL
Identifier
https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000645705300001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=a2bf6146997ec60c407a63945d4e92bb
Subjects
Chemistry
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
design optimization
droop nose
Engineering
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
high-lift devices
Materials Science
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
morphing
Physical Sciences
Physics
Physics, Applied
Science & Technology
Technology
trailing edge flap
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
2822
Date Publish Online
2021-03-22