Association between egg intake and blood pressure in the USA: the INTERnational study on MAcro/micronutrients and blood Pressure (INTERMAP).
File(s)
Accepted version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To investigate associations of egg intake with blood pressure (BP) and the role of dietary variables and other macro- and micro-nutrients in the association. DESIGN: We used cross-sectional data for the USA as part of the INTERnational study on MAcro/micronutrients and blood Pressure (INTERMAP). INTERMAP was surveyed between 1996 and 1999, including four 24-h dietary recalls, two 24-h urine collections and eight measurements of systolic BP and diastolic BP (SBP, DBP). Average egg intake (g/d) was calculated. Multivariable linear regression models were used to estimate the association between egg intake (per each 50 g/d or per quintile) and BP. The roles of dietary variables and other macro- and micro-nutrients in this association were also investigated. SETTING: In the USA. PARTICIPANTS: In total, 2195 US INTERMAP men and women aged 40-59 years. RESULTS: Participants were 50 % female, 54 % non-Hispanic White and 16 % non-Hispanic Black. Mean egg intake (sd) in men and women was 30·4(29·8) and 21·6(20·5) g/d, respectively. Adjusting for demographics, socio-economics, lifestyle and urinary Na:K excretion ratios, we found non-linear associations with BP in non-obese women (P-quadratic terms: 0·004 for SBP and 0·035 for DBP).The associations remained after adjusting for dietary variables, macro/micro nutrients or minerals. Dietary cholesterol was highly correlated with egg intake and may factor in the association. No association was found in obese women and in obese or non-obese men. CONCLUSION: Egg intake was non-linearly associated with SBP and DBP in non-obese women, but not in obese women or men. Underlying mechanisms require additional study regarding the role of obesity and sex.
Date Issued
2021-08-02
Date Acceptance
2021-08-01
Citation
Public Health Nutrition, 2021, 24 (18), pp.1-9
ISSN
1368-9800
Publisher
Cambridge University Press
Start Page
1
End Page
9
Journal / Book Title
Public Health Nutrition
Volume
24
Issue
18
Copyright Statement
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society. This article has been published in a revised form in Public Health Nutrition https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980021002949. This version is free to view and download for private research and study only. Not for re-distribution, re-sale or use in derivative works.
Sponsor
National Institutes of Health
Identifier
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34334150
PII: S1368980021002949
Grant Number
60045948 ICSTM
Subjects
Blood pressure
Diet
Egg intake
Hypertension
Publication Status
Published online
Coverage Spatial
England
Date Publish Online
2021-08-02