A novel laboratory-based hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy system
File(s)
Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) has seen continuous development since the first experiments in the 1970s. HAXPES systems are predominantly located at synchrotron sources due to low photoionization cross sections necessitating high X-ray intensities, which limits the technique’s availability to a wide range of users and potential applications. Here, a new laboratory-based instrument capable of delivering monochromated X-rays with an energy of 9.25 keV and a microfocused 30 × 45 μm2 X-ray spot is introduced. The system gives an excellent energy resolution of below 500 meV coupled with good X-ray intensity. It allows stable measurements under grazing incidence conditions to maximise signal intensities. This article outlines the instrument behavior, showcases applications including bulk and multilayer measurements, and describes the overall performance of the spectrometer. This system presents an alternative to synchrotron-based experimental end stations and will help expand the number and range of HAXPES experiments performed in the future.
Date Issued
2018-07-10
Date Acceptance
2018-06-16
Citation
Review of Scientific Instruments, 2018, 89
ISSN
0034-6748
Publisher
AIP Publishing
Journal / Book Title
Review of Scientific Instruments
Volume
89
Copyright Statement
© 2018 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Sponsor
Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC)
Commission of the European Communities
Imperial College London
Grant Number
EP/M028291/1
658563
Subjects
09 Engineering
02 Physical Sciences
03 Chemical Sciences
Applied Physics
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
073105
Date Publish Online
2018-07-10