Synthetic Biology has for a long time had the ambition of controlling biological behaviour, through the use of engineering principles. One of the most exciting realms of synthetic biology in this regard, is the ability to control the production of biomaterials. These materials can be produced by, and incorporate living organisms. Applications of biomaterials have been various, from wearable responsive biosensors for heavy metals, to biodegradeable plastics, to methods for the selective uptake and delivery of drugs. Within the area of biomaterial production, another important sector has been the ability to form the biomaterial in any shape desired, through technologies such as 3D printing. 3D bioprinting, as this discipline has been called, uses concepts from conventional 3D printing, such as extrusion. However, these techniques are limited in their geometric possibilities. More interestingly, light techniques such as stereolithography have been used for mammalian cell bioprinting, but their reliance on toxic photoinitiators has made them unsuitable for use with living cells. In this work, we devise a new method for 3D bioprinting , based on optogenetic control. We use optogenetically-equipped E. coli cells embedded in a solid matrix, and activate their gene expression in a localised manner. In this work, we express a fluorophore conjugate protein in 3 dimensions, as well as a bioplastic, and gradient expression of a digestive enzyme. This technique has the advantages of allowing full three-dimensional control, without any geometric or toxicity constraints.