Prevalence of multidrug-, extensive drug-, and pandrug-resistant commensal Escherichia coli isolated from healthy humans in community
settings in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
settings in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Author(s)
Nkansa-Gyamfi, Nana Adoma
Kazibwe, Joseph
Traore, Daouda AK
Nji, Emmanuel
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Background
The majority of existing studies aimed at investigating the incidence and prevalence of multidrug-resistance by bacteria have been performed in healthcare settings. Relatively few studies have been conducted in community settings, but these have consistently shown a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
Objectives
To provide an appraisal of the evidence on the high prevalence of multidrug-, extensive drug-, and pandrug-resistance in commensal Escherichia coli isolates from human sources in community settings in LMICs.
Methods
Using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched with the search string: ‘Enterobacteriaceae’, OR ‘E. coli’, OR ‘Escherichia coli’, AND ‘antibiotic resistance’, OR ‘antimicrobial resistance’, OR ‘drug-resistance’, AND ‘prevalence’, OR ‘incidence’, OR ‘morbidity’, OR ‘odds ratio’, OR ‘risk ratio’, OR ‘confidence interval’, OR ‘p-value’, OR ‘rate’. Data were extracted and proportional meta-analysis was performed using the Freeman–Tukey transformation random effect model.
Results
The prevalence of multidrug-, extensive drug- and pandrug-resistance were extracted from articles that met our inclusion criteria and pooled together after a systematic screening of 9,369 items. The prevalence of multidrug-resistance was 28% of 14,336 total cases of isolates tested, 95% CI: 23–32. Extensive drug-resistance was 24% of 8,686 total cases of isolates tested, 95% CI: 14–36. Lastly, pandrug-resistance was 5% of 5,670 total cases of isolates tested, 95% CI: 3–8.
Conclusion
This paper provides an appraisal of the evidence on the high prevalence of multidrug-, extensive drug- and pandrug-resistance by commensal E. coli in community settings in LMICs. Our results call for greater effort to be placed at the community level in the design of new and improved public health policies to counter the global threat of antibiotic-resistant infections and bacteria.
The majority of existing studies aimed at investigating the incidence and prevalence of multidrug-resistance by bacteria have been performed in healthcare settings. Relatively few studies have been conducted in community settings, but these have consistently shown a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
Objectives
To provide an appraisal of the evidence on the high prevalence of multidrug-, extensive drug-, and pandrug-resistance in commensal Escherichia coli isolates from human sources in community settings in LMICs.
Methods
Using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched with the search string: ‘Enterobacteriaceae’, OR ‘E. coli’, OR ‘Escherichia coli’, AND ‘antibiotic resistance’, OR ‘antimicrobial resistance’, OR ‘drug-resistance’, AND ‘prevalence’, OR ‘incidence’, OR ‘morbidity’, OR ‘odds ratio’, OR ‘risk ratio’, OR ‘confidence interval’, OR ‘p-value’, OR ‘rate’. Data were extracted and proportional meta-analysis was performed using the Freeman–Tukey transformation random effect model.
Results
The prevalence of multidrug-, extensive drug- and pandrug-resistance were extracted from articles that met our inclusion criteria and pooled together after a systematic screening of 9,369 items. The prevalence of multidrug-resistance was 28% of 14,336 total cases of isolates tested, 95% CI: 23–32. Extensive drug-resistance was 24% of 8,686 total cases of isolates tested, 95% CI: 14–36. Lastly, pandrug-resistance was 5% of 5,670 total cases of isolates tested, 95% CI: 3–8.
Conclusion
This paper provides an appraisal of the evidence on the high prevalence of multidrug-, extensive drug- and pandrug-resistance by commensal E. coli in community settings in LMICs. Our results call for greater effort to be placed at the community level in the design of new and improved public health policies to counter the global threat of antibiotic-resistant infections and bacteria.
Date Issued
2020-09-10
Date Acceptance
2020-08-23
Citation
Global Health Action, 2020, 12 (Suppl 1)
ISSN
1654-9880
Publisher
Co-Action Publishing
Journal / Book Title
Global Health Action
Volume
12
Issue
Suppl 1
Copyright Statement
© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
License URL
Subjects
1117 Public Health and Health Services
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
ARTN 1815272
Date Publish Online
2020-09-10