Cross-linked enzyme aggregate (CLEA) preparation from waste activated sludge
File(s)microorganisms-11-01902.pdf (3.75 MB)
Published version
Author(s)
Liu, Ziyi
Smith, Stephen R
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Enzymes are used extensively as industrial bio-catalysts in various manufacturing and processing sectors. However, commercial enzymes are expensive in part due to the high cost of the nutrient medium for the biomass culture. Activated sludge (AS) is a waste product of biological wastewater treatment and consists of microbial biomass that degrades organic matter by producing substantial quantities of hydrolytic enzymes. Recovering enzymes from AS therefore offers a potential alternative to conventional production techniques. A carrier-free, cross-linked enzyme aggregate (CLEA) was produced from crude AS enzyme extract for the first time. A major advantage of the CLEA is the combined immobilization, purification, and stabilization of the crude enzymes into a single step, thereby avoiding large amounts of inert carriers in the final enzyme product. The AS CLEA contained a variety of hydrolytic enzymes and demonstrated high potential for the bio-conversion of complex organic substrates.
Date Issued
2023-07-27
Date Acceptance
2023-07-24
Citation
Microorganisms, 2023, 11 (8), pp.1-21
ISSN
2076-2607
Publisher
MDPI AG
Start Page
1
End Page
21
Journal / Book Title
Microorganisms
Volume
11
Issue
8
Copyright Statement
Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
This article is an open access article
distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons
Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
This article is an open access article
distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons
Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
License URL
Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11081902
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2023-07-27