Acetylcholine production by group 2 innate lymphoid cells promotes mucosal immunity to helminths
File(s)
Accepted version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are critical mediators of immunological and physiological responses at mucosal barrier sites. Whereas neurotransmitters can stimulate ILCs, the synthesis of small-molecule neurotransmitters by these cells has only recently been appreciated. Group 2 ILCs (ILC2s) are shown here to synthesize and release acetylcholine (ACh) during parasitic nematode infection. The cholinergic phenotype of pulmonary ILC2s was associated with their activation state, could be induced by in vivo exposure to extracts of Alternaria alternata or the alarmin cytokines interleukin-33 (IL-33) and IL-25, and was augmented by IL-2 in vitro. Genetic disruption of ACh synthesis by murine ILC2s resulted in increased parasite burdens, lower numbers of ILC2s, and reduced lung and gut barrier responses to Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection. These data demonstrate a functional role for ILC2-derived ACh in the expansion of ILC2s for maximal induction of type 2 immunity.
Date Issued
2021-03-05
Date Acceptance
2020-12-11
Citation
Science Immunology, 2021, 6 (57)
ISSN
2470-9468
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science
Journal / Book Title
Science Immunology
Volume
6
Issue
57
Copyright Statement
© 2021 Owner. This is the author’s version of the work. It is posted here by permission of the AAAS for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY05 MAR 2021 Vol. 6, Issue 57, eabd0359
https://doi.org/10.1126/sciimmunol.abd0359
https://doi.org/10.1126/sciimmunol.abd0359
Identifier
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33674321
PII: 6/57/eabd0359
Publication Status
Published
Coverage Spatial
United States
Date Publish Online
2021-03-05