DMXL2 drives epithelial to mesenchymal transition in hormonal therapy resistant breast cancer through Notch hyper-activation
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Published version
Supporting information
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
The acquisition of endocrine therapy resistance in estrogen receptor α (ERα) breast cancer patients represents a major clinical problem. Notch signalling has been extensively linked to breast cancer especially in patients who fail to respond to endocrine therapy. Following activation, Notch intracellular domain is released and enters the nucleus where activates transcription of target genes. The numerous steps that cascade after activation of the receptor complicate using Notch as biomarker. Hence, this warrants the development of reliable indicators of Notch activity. DMXL2 is a novel regulator of Notch signalling not yet investigated in breast cancer. Here, we demonstrate that DMXL2 is overexpressed in a subset of endocrine therapy resistant breast cancer cell lines where it promotes epithelial to mesenchymal transition through hyper-activation of Notch signalling via V-ATPase dependent acidification. Following DMXL2 depletion or treatment with Bafilomycin A1, both EMT targets and Notch signalling pathway significantly decrease. We show for the first time that DMXL2 protein levels are significantly increased in ERα positive breast cancer patients that progress after endocrine therapy. Finally, we demonstrate that DMXL2 is a transmembrane protein with a potential extra-cellular domain. These findings identify DMXL2 as a novel, functional biomarker for ERα positive breast cancer.
Date Issued
2015-06-04
Date Acceptance
2015-05-16
Citation
Oncotarget, 2015, 6 (26), pp.22467-22479
ISSN
1949-2553
Publisher
Impact Journals
Start Page
22467
End Page
22479
Journal / Book Title
Oncotarget
Volume
6
Issue
26
Copyright Statement
© 2015 The Authors. Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
License URL
Subjects
DMXL2
breast cancer
Notch
endocrine therapy
EMT
Publication Status
Published