Degradation of perfluorooctane sulfonate via in situ electro-generated ferrate and permanganate oxidants in NOM-rich source waters
File(s)
Published version
Author(s)
McBeath, Sean T
Graham, Nigel JD
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
A novel process involving the in situ electrochemical generation of ferrate and permanganate oxidants, in circumneutral conditions, from low concentration aqueous iron (Fe2+) and manganese (Mn2+), is investigated for the treatment of the ubiquitous and highly recalcitrant micro-pollutant, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). The present study investigated the efficacy of both electro-oxidation (EO), and the simultaneous EO and ferrate/permanganate generation and oxidation, of PFOS as a potential drinking water treatment technology. While permanganate was shown to have little effect on PFOS removal, significantly increased degradation was observed when EO was coupled with ferrate generation and oxidation, significantly exceeding that of solely EO. From an initial concentration of 0.80 μM, final PFOS concentrations of 0.53 (±0.004), 0.43 (±0.01) and 0.27 (±0.01) μM were yielded during 10, 40 and 80 mA cm−2 electrolysis and an initial Fe2+ = 179 μM. In general, PFOS degradation rates increased with both increasing current density and initial Fe2+ concentration. Degradation was observed to follow mixed zero- and pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics for both the EO and simultaneous EO and ferrate oxidation. Finally, PFOS oxidation was not inhibited by the presence of low and high molecular weight organic scavenger species, and high concentrations of natural organic matter (NOM) improved PFOS removal due to hydrophobic interaction. Reduced ferrate species were also observed to increase NOM removal after electrolysis, by iron coagulant formation and subsequent flocculation.
Date Issued
2021-08-05
Date Acceptance
2021-08-04
Citation
Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology, 2021, 7 (10), pp.1778-13
ISSN
2053-1400
Publisher
Royal Society of Chemistry
Start Page
1778
End Page
13
Journal / Book Title
Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology
Volume
7
Issue
10
Copyright Statement
© The Royal Society of Chemistry 2021. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.
License URL
Identifier
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000683431900001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202
Subjects
Science & Technology
Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Physical Sciences
Engineering, Environmental
Environmental Sciences
Water Resources
Engineering
Environmental Sciences & Ecology
NANOSCALE IRON PARTICLES
DOPED-DIAMOND
ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION
POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS
PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS
TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
ANODIC-OXIDATION
VALENT IRON
PFOS
DECHLORINATION
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2021-08-05