Fast reaction of soluble surfactant can remobilize a stagnant cap
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Accepted version
Author(s)
Crowdy, Darren
Curran, Anna
Papageorgiou, Demetrios
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Analytical solutions are derived showing that a stagnant cap of surfactant at the interface between two viscous fluids caused by a linear extensional flow can be remobilized by fast kinetic exchange of surfactant with one of the fluids. Using a complex variable formulation of this multiphysics problem at zero capillary number, zero Reynolds number and zero bulk Péclet number, and assuming a linear equation of state, it is shown that the system is governed by a forced complex Burgers equation at arbitrary surface Péclet number. Consequently, this nonlinear system is shown to be linearizable using a complex analogue of the Cole–Hopf transformation. Steady equilibria of the system at any finite value of the surface Péclet number are found explicitly in terms of parabolic cylinder functions. While surface diffusion is naturally expected to mollify sharp gradients associated with stagnant caps and to remobilize the interface, this work gives an analytical demonstration of the less intuitive result that fast kinetic exchange has a similar effect. Indeed, the analytical approach here imposes no limit on the surface Péclet number, which can be taken to be infinitely large so that surface diffusion is completely absent. Mathematically, the solution structure is then very rich allowing a theoretical investigation of this extreme case where it is seen that fast surfactant exchange with the bulk can alone remobilize a stagnant cap. Remarkably, it is also possible to track explicitly the time evolution of the system to these remobilized equilibria by finding time-evolving exact solutions.
Date Issued
2023-08-25
Date Acceptance
2023-07-04
Citation
Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2023, 969, pp.1-29
ISSN
0022-1120
Publisher
Cambridge University Press
Start Page
1
End Page
29
Journal / Book Title
Journal of Fluid Mechanics
Volume
969
Copyright Statement
Copyright This paper is embargoed until publication. Copyright © 2023 Cambridge University Press. This article has been published in a revised form in Journal of Fluid Mechanics
https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2023.560. This version is free to view and download for private research and study only. Not for re-distribution, re-sale or use in derivative works.
https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2023.560. This version is free to view and download for private research and study only. Not for re-distribution, re-sale or use in derivative works.
Identifier
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-fluid-mechanics/article/fast-reaction-of-soluble-surfactant-can-remobilize-a-stagnant-cap/05738DA026F1E54E962D266923090BC6
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2023-08-11