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  4. Interplanetary coronal mass ejections observed by MESSENGER and Venus Express
 
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Interplanetary coronal mass ejections observed by MESSENGER and Venus Express
File(s)
art%3A10.1007%2Fs11207-015-0828-3.pdf (2.86 MB)
Published version
P2DEPV SWGOOD.pdf (1.91 MB)
Accepted version
Author(s)
Good, SW
Forsyth, RJ
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) observed by the MESSENGER and Venus Express spacecraft have been catalogued and analysed. The ICMEs were identified by a relatively smooth rotation of the magnetic field direction consistent with a flux rope structure, coinciding with a relatively enhanced magnetic field strength. A total of 35 ICMEs were found in the surveyed MESSENGER data (primarily from March 2007 to April 2012), and 84 ICMEs in the surveyed Venus Express data (from May 2006 to December 2013). The ICME flux rope configurations have been determined. Ropes with northward leading edges were about four times more common than ropes with southward leading edges, in agreement with a previously established solar cycle dependence. Ropes with low inclinations to the solar equatorial plane were about four times more common than ropes with high inclinations, possibly an observational effect. Left- and right-handed ropes were observed in almost equal numbers. In addition, data from MESSENGER, Venus Express, STEREO-A, STEREO-B and ACE were examined for multipoint signatures of the catalogued ICMEs. For spacecraft separations below 15° in heliocentric longitude, the second spacecraft observed the ICME flux rope in 82 % of cases; this percentage dropped to 49 % for separations between 15 and 30°, to 18 % for separations between 30 and 45°, and to 12 % for separations between 45 and 60°. As the spacecraft separation increased, it became increasingly likely that only the sheath and not the flux rope of the ICME was observed, in agreement with the notion that ICME flux ropes are smaller in longitudinal extent than the shocks or discontinuities that they often drive. Furthermore, this study has identified 23 ICMEs observed by pairs of spacecraft close to radial alignment. A detailed analysis of these events could lead to a better understanding of how ICMEs evolve during propagation.
Date Issued
2016-01-01
Date Acceptance
2015-11-24
Citation
Solar Physics, 2016, 291 (1), pp.239-263
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/28060
DOI
https://www.dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11207-015-0828-3
ISSN
1573-093X
Publisher
Springer Verlag (Germany)
Start Page
239
End Page
263
Journal / Book Title
Solar Physics
Volume
291
Issue
1
Copyright Statement
© The Author(s) 2015. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com
License URL
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Sponsor
Commission of the European Communities
Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)
Science and Technology Facilities Council [2006-2012]
Grant Number
606692
ST/K001051/1
ST/K001051/1
Subjects
Science & Technology
Physical Sciences
Astronomy & Astrophysics
ICMEs
Magnetic clouds
MESSENGER
Venus Express
Multipoint observations
IN-SITU OBSERVATIONS
MAGNETIC CLOUDS
SOLAR-WIND
INNER HELIOSPHERE
FLUX ROPES
EVOLUTION
SHOCK
GEOEFFECTIVENESS
MULTIPLE
MERCURY
physics.space-ph
physics.space-ph
Astronomy & Astrophysics
0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2015-12-02
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