Probing degradation in lithium ion batteries with on-chip electrochemistry mass spectrometry
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
The rapid uptake of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) for large scale electric vehicle and energy storage applications requires a deeper understanding of the degradation mechanisms. Capacity fade is due to the complex interplay between phase transitions, electrolyte decomposition and transition metal dissolution; many of these poorly understood parasitic reactions evolve gases as a side product. Here we present an on-chip electrochemistry mass spectrometry method that enables ultra-sensitive, fully quantified and time resolved detection of volatile species evolving from an operating LIB. The technique's electrochemical performance and mass transport is described by a finite element model and then experimentally used to demonstrate the variety of new insights into LIB performance. We show the versatility of the technique, including (a) observation of oxygen evolving from a LiNiMnCoO2 cathode and (b) the solid electrolyte interphase formation reaction on graphite in a variety of electrolytes, enabling the deconvolution of lithium inventory loss (c) the first direct evidence, by virtue of the improved time resolution of our technique, that carbon dioxide reduction to ethylene takes place in a lithium ion battery. The emerging insight will guide and validate battery lifetime models, as well as inform the design of longer lasting batteries.
Date Issued
2024-02-05
Date Acceptance
2023-12-01
Citation
Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2024, 63 (6)
ISSN
1433-7851
Publisher
Wiley
Journal / Book Title
Angewandte Chemie International Edition
Volume
63
Issue
6
Copyright Statement
© 2023 The Authors. Angewandte Chemie International Edition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
License URL
Identifier
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38103255
Subjects
Degradation
Electrochemistry
Gas Evolution
Lithium Ion Batteries
Mass Spectrometry
Publication Status
Published
Coverage Spatial
Germany
Article Number
e202315357
Date Publish Online
2023-12-16