Health systems underpin disease elimination and eradication programmes. In an elimination
and eradication context, innovative research approaches are needed across health systems
to assess readiness for programme reorientation, mitigate any decreases in effectiveness
of interventions (‘effectiveness decay’), and respond to dynamic and changing needs. The
malaria eradication research agenda (malERA) Refresh consultative process for the Panel
on Health Systems and Policy Research identifies opportunities to build health systems evidence
and the tools needed to eliminate malaria from different zones, countries, and regions
and to eradicate it globally. The research questions are organised as a portfolio that global
health practitioners, researchers, and funders can identify with and support. This supports
the promotion of an actionable and more cohesive approach to building the evidence base
for scaled-up implementation of findings. Gaps and opportunities discussed in the paper
include delivery strategies to meet the changing dynamics of needs of individuals, environments,
and malaria programme successes; mechanisms and approaches to best support
accelerated policy and financial responsiveness at national and global level to ensure timely
response to evidence and needs, including in crisis situations; and systems’ readiness tools
and decision-support systems.