Sex differences in glutathione peroxidase activity and central obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes at high risk of cardio-renal disease
Author(s)
Steyn, Mia
Zitouni, Karima
Kelly, Frank J
Cook, Paul
Earle, Kenneth A
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Women with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have an increased susceptibility of developing cardio-renal disease compared to men, the reasons and the mechanisms of this vulnerability are unclear. Since oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of cardio-renal disease, we investigated the relationship between sex, plasma antioxidants status (glutathione peroxidase (GPx-3 activity), vitamin E and selenium), and adiposity in patients with T2DM at high risk of cardio-renal disease. Women compared to men had higher GPx-3 activity (p = 0.02), bio-impedance (p ≤ 0.0001), and an increase in waist circumference in relation to recommended cut off-points (p = 0.0001). Waist circumference and BMI were negatively correlated with GPx-3 activity (p ≤ 0.05 and p ≤ 0.01, respectively) and selenium concentration (p ≤ 0.01 and p ≤ 0.02, respectively). In multiple regression analysis, waist circumference and sex were independent predictors of GPx-3 activity (p ≤ 0.05 and p ≤ 0.05, respectively). The data suggest that increased central fat deposits are associated with reduced plasma antioxidants which could contribute to the future risk of cardio-renal disease. The increased GPx-3 activity in women could represent a preserved response to the disproportionate increase in visceral fat. Future studies should be aimed at evaluating if the modulation of GPx-3 activity reduces cardio-renal risk in men and women with T2DM.
Date Issued
2019-12
Date Acceptance
2019-12-05
Citation
Antioxidants, 2019, 8 (12)
ISSN
2076-3921
Publisher
MDPI AG
Journal / Book Title
Antioxidants
Volume
8
Issue
12
Copyright Statement
© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
License URL
Identifier
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/8/12/629
Subjects
Type 2 diabetes antioxidants cardiovascular risk glutathione peroxidase oxidative stress sex differences "N1 - Steyn, Mia" "Zitouni, Karima" "Kelly, Frank J" "Cook, Paul" "Earle, Kenneth A" eng C-3305/Dialysis Clinic Inc UKCRN ID:8432./The National Institutes of Health Research Switzerland Antioxidants (Basel). 2019 Dec 7;8(12). pii: antiox8120629. doi: 10.3390/antiox8120629.
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
629
Date Publish Online
2019-12-07