Sodium-containing multicomponent sol-gel-derived bioactive glasses
Author(s)
Zheng, Jinghan
Type
Thesis
Abstract
Bioactive glasses are types of biomaterials used that can release therapeutic ions which have been shown to illicit beneficial effect in bone regeneration and wound healing. Particularly, sodium-containing bioactive glass, such as 45S5 and S53P4 bioactive glass, are materials which have most clinical and commercial success among all types of bioactive glasses, they are all currently commercialised in melt-derived form.
Bioactive glasses produced from sol-gel methods have surface area and ion release rate much higher than those of melt-derived glasses. They have promising biomedical properties and were shown to be able to promote bone regeneration and wound healing properties. However, sodium-containing bioactive glasses, such as 45S5 and S53P4, were never reported be successfully synthesised through sol-gel methods.
This thesis successfully synthesised the world’s first amorphous sol-gel-derived sodium-containing bioactive glass powder. The material was synthesised using nitrite salts and stabilisation in high vacuum. The sol-gel method was modified and used to synthesise fluoride-containing bioactive glass. The sol-gel method was also used to fabricate fibrous cotton-wool-like structure with the same composition.
The sol-gel-derived glass powder was incorporated in a lozenge designed to alleviate dentine hypersensitivity (DH). The lozenge’s remineralisation efficacy on human dentine was tested in vitro. In hydraulic conductance tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) evaluations using human dentine samples, the lozenge generated more dentine tubule occlusion than Sensodyne® Repair and Protect (SRP) toothpaste, the difference in tubule occlusion was statistically significant.
Bioactive glasses produced from sol-gel methods have surface area and ion release rate much higher than those of melt-derived glasses. They have promising biomedical properties and were shown to be able to promote bone regeneration and wound healing properties. However, sodium-containing bioactive glasses, such as 45S5 and S53P4, were never reported be successfully synthesised through sol-gel methods.
This thesis successfully synthesised the world’s first amorphous sol-gel-derived sodium-containing bioactive glass powder. The material was synthesised using nitrite salts and stabilisation in high vacuum. The sol-gel method was modified and used to synthesise fluoride-containing bioactive glass. The sol-gel method was also used to fabricate fibrous cotton-wool-like structure with the same composition.
The sol-gel-derived glass powder was incorporated in a lozenge designed to alleviate dentine hypersensitivity (DH). The lozenge’s remineralisation efficacy on human dentine was tested in vitro. In hydraulic conductance tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) evaluations using human dentine samples, the lozenge generated more dentine tubule occlusion than Sensodyne® Repair and Protect (SRP) toothpaste, the difference in tubule occlusion was statistically significant.
Version
Open Access
Date Issued
2024-01-11
Date Awarded
2024-05-01
Copyright Statement
Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial NoDerivatives Licence
Advisor
Jones, Julian
Publisher Department
Materials
Publisher Institution
Imperial College London
Qualification Level
Doctoral
Qualification Name
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)