Attenuated mental symptoms in the general population: first data from the observational cross-sectional ATTENTION study in Greece
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Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Background
It has been reported that abnormal experiences could be common in the general “healthy” population, with the vast majority of individuals never proceeding to manifest a frank mental disorder.
Aims
This study aimed to quantify subthreshold psychiatric symptoms in the general population.
Methods
The protocol included clinicodemographic data and a mental symptoms questionnaire, and additionally, the CES-D, STAI-S, RASS, and the GloDiS to assess depression, anxiety, suicidality, and functional impairment, respectively. The data were collected online and anonymously from 1504 persons (75.66% females; 23.73% males). Descriptive statistics, risk ratios, and factor analysis were utilized.
Results
Clinical depression was present in approximately 10%, any somatic disorder in 20.21% (9.90% both), and a history of any mental disorder was present in 42.75%. The healthy individuals (46.94% of the study sample) were experiencing distress (8.6%) and subthreshold mental symptoms (attenuated psychotic, schizotypal distrust, emotional lability, conformity, and interpersonal and social functioning). Attenuated psychotic symptoms are present in almost 10%, and the conversion rate to any kind of psychosis was probably 0.5% per year until the age of 40, with one-third of these persons eventually converting. Beyond the age of 40, no conversion to psychosis seems to occur. All aspects of symptoms correlated weakly but significantly with aspects of functional impairment.
Conclusions
The results of the current study are in accord with the literature and suggest that a significant number of persons in the general population experience attenuated psychiatric symptoms and mild functional impairment without ever manifesting an overt mental disorder. There is a need for further research on this matter to confirm these findings and to explore their implications both for mental and somatic health and the provision of health care.
It has been reported that abnormal experiences could be common in the general “healthy” population, with the vast majority of individuals never proceeding to manifest a frank mental disorder.
Aims
This study aimed to quantify subthreshold psychiatric symptoms in the general population.
Methods
The protocol included clinicodemographic data and a mental symptoms questionnaire, and additionally, the CES-D, STAI-S, RASS, and the GloDiS to assess depression, anxiety, suicidality, and functional impairment, respectively. The data were collected online and anonymously from 1504 persons (75.66% females; 23.73% males). Descriptive statistics, risk ratios, and factor analysis were utilized.
Results
Clinical depression was present in approximately 10%, any somatic disorder in 20.21% (9.90% both), and a history of any mental disorder was present in 42.75%. The healthy individuals (46.94% of the study sample) were experiencing distress (8.6%) and subthreshold mental symptoms (attenuated psychotic, schizotypal distrust, emotional lability, conformity, and interpersonal and social functioning). Attenuated psychotic symptoms are present in almost 10%, and the conversion rate to any kind of psychosis was probably 0.5% per year until the age of 40, with one-third of these persons eventually converting. Beyond the age of 40, no conversion to psychosis seems to occur. All aspects of symptoms correlated weakly but significantly with aspects of functional impairment.
Conclusions
The results of the current study are in accord with the literature and suggest that a significant number of persons in the general population experience attenuated psychiatric symptoms and mild functional impairment without ever manifesting an overt mental disorder. There is a need for further research on this matter to confirm these findings and to explore their implications both for mental and somatic health and the provision of health care.
Date Issued
2025-02-19
Date Acceptance
2025-01-25
Citation
CNS Spectrums, 2025, 30 (1)
ISSN
1092-8529
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Journal / Book Title
CNS Spectrums
Volume
30
Issue
1
Copyright Statement
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial NoDerivatives licence (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that no alterations are made and the original article is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained prior to any commercial use and/or adaptation of the article.
Identifier
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39969046
PII: S1092852925000112
Subjects
attenuated psychosis
general population
subthreshold symptoms
Humans
Female
Male
Greece
Adult
Middle Aged
Cross-Sectional Studies
Psychotic Disorders
Aged
Mental Disorders
Depression
Adolescent
Anxiety
Surveys and Questionnaires
Publication Status
Published
Coverage Spatial
United States
Article Number
e27
Date Publish Online
2025-02-19