Broadband and efficient third-harmonic generation from black phosphorus-hybrid plasmonic metasurfaces in the mid-infrared
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
lack phosphorus (BP), with a mid-infrared (MIR) bandgap of 0.34 eV, presents itself as a promising material for MIR nonlinear optical applications. We report the realization of MIR third-harmonic generation (THG) in both BP and BP-hybrid plasmonic metasurfaces (BPM). BP exhibits a high third-order nonlinear susceptibility (χ⁽³⁾) exceeding 10−18 m2/V2 in the MIR region with a maximum value of 1.55 × 10−17 m2/V2 at 5000 nm. The BP flake achieves a THG conversion efficiency of 1.4 × 10−5, surpassing that of other 2D materials by over one order of magnitude. To further enhance this nonlinear performance, a BPM is designed and fabricated to achieve a two-order-of-magnitude enhancement in THG, leading to a record conversion efficiency of 6.5 × 10−4, exceeding the performance of previously reported metasurfaces by more than one order of magnitude. These findings establish BP as a promising platform for next-generation MIR nonlinear optical devices.
Date Issued
2025-05-01
Date Acceptance
2025-04-09
Citation
Science Advances, 2025, 11 (20)
ISSN
2375-2548
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Journal / Book Title
Science Advances
Volume
11
Issue
20
Copyright Statement
Copyright © 2025 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).
License URL
Identifier
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40367156
Subjects
CONVERSION
HARMONIC-GENERATION
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Science & Technology
Science & Technology - Other Topics
Publication Status
Published
Coverage Spatial
United States
Article Number
eadt3772
Date Publish Online
2024-05-14