The impact of ionic liquids on the coordination of anions with solvatochromic copper complexes
File(s)Cu_complexes_Draft__revised180817.docx (5.95 MB)
Accepted version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Solvatochromic transition metal (TM)-complexes with weakly associating counter-anions are often used to evaluate traditional neutral solvent and anion coordination ability. However, when employed in ionic liquids (IL) many of the common assumptions made are no longer reliable. This study investigates the coordinating ability of weakly coordinating IL anions in traditional solvents and within IL solvents employing a range of solvatochromic copper complexes. Complexes of the form [Cu(acac)(tmen)][X] (acac = acetylacetonate, tmen = tetramethylethylenediamine) where [X]− = [ClO4]−, Cl−, [NO3]−, [SCN]−, [OTf]−, [NTf2]− and [PF6]− have been synthesised and characterised both experimentally and computationally. ILs based on these anions and imidazolium and pyrrolidinium cations, some of which are functionalised with hydroxyl and nitrile groups, have been examined. IL-anion coordination has been investigated and compared to typical weakly coordinating anions. We have found there is potential for competition at the Cu-centre and cases of anions traditionally assigned as weakly associating that demonstrate a stronger than expected level of coordinating ability within ILs. [Cu(acac)(tmen)][PF6] is shown to contain the least coordinating anion and is established as the most sensitive probe studied here. Using this probe, the donor numbers (DNs) of ILs have been determined. Relative donor ability is further confirmed based on the UV-Vis of a neutral complex, [Cu(sacsac)2] (sacsac = dithioacetylacetone), and DNs evaluated via23Na NMR spectroscopy. We demonstrate that ILs can span a wide donor range, similar in breadth to conventional solvents.
Date Issued
2017-08-23
Date Acceptance
2017-08-22
Citation
Dalton Transactions, 2017, 46 (36), pp.12185-12200
ISSN
1477-9234
Publisher
Royal Society of Chemistry
Start Page
12185
End Page
12200
Journal / Book Title
Dalton Transactions
Volume
46
Issue
36
Copyright Statement
© The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017
Subjects
Science & Technology
Physical Sciences
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Chemistry
SOLVENT-SOLUTE INTERACTIONS
ARTICLE GUTMANN DONOR
EUR. J. 2012
ACCEPTOR NUMBERS
GAS-PHASE
N,N,N,N-TETRAMETHYLETHYLENEDIAMINE
ACETYLACETONATE
INDICATORS
ACIDITIES
CHEMISTRY
Publication Status
Published