The leaky storage model for optimal multi-service allocation of thermostatic loads
File(s)IET leaky storage - AAversion.pdf (3.39 MB)
Accepted version
Author(s)
Trovato, V
Tindemans, SH
Strbac, G
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Collectively, thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) offer significant potential for short-term demand response. This intrinsic flexibility can be used to provide various ancillary services or to carry out energy arbitrage. This paper introduces an aggregate description of the flexibility of a heterogeneous TCLs as a leaky storage unit, with associated constraints that are derived from the TCL device parameters and quality of service requirements. In association with a suitable TCL control strategy this enables a straightforward embedding of TCL dynamics in optimisation frameworks. The tools developed are applied to the problem of determining an optimal multi-service portfolio for TCLs. A linear optimisation model is constructed for the optimal simultaneous allocation of frequency services and energy arbitrage. In a case study, optimal service allocations are computed for eight representative classes of cold appliances and the results are validated using simulations of individual refrigerators. Finally, it is demonstrated that clustering of appliances with similar capabilities can significantly enhance the flexibility available to the system.
Date Issued
2016-02-18
Date Acceptance
2015-08-18
Citation
IET Generation Transmission & Distribution, 2016, 10 (3), pp.585-593
ISSN
1751-8687
Publisher
Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Start Page
585
End Page
593
Journal / Book Title
IET Generation Transmission & Distribution
Volume
10
Issue
3
Copyright Statement
This paper is a postprint of a paper submitted to and accepted for publication in IET Generation Transmission & Distribution and is subject to Institution of Engineering and Technology Copyright. The copy of record is available at IET Digital Library
Sponsor
Commission of the European Communities
National Grid Electricity Transmission Plc
Grant Number
PIEF-GA-2010-274387
PO 3200342629/ TAO/22046
Subjects
Energy storage
Energy arbitrage
Frequency regulation
Demand side response
Optimization
Publication Status
Published