Anti-tuberculosis activity of three carbapenems, clofazimine and nitazoxanide using a novel ex vivo phenotypic drug susceptibility model of human tuberculosis
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Author(s)
Gonzalo, Ximena
Bielecka, Magdalena K
Tezera, Liku
Elkington, Paul
Drobniewski, Francis
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
We evaluated a novel physiological 3-D bioelectrospray model of the tuberculosis (TB) granuloma to test the activity of a known anti-TB drug, clofazimine; three carbapenems with potential activity, including one currently used in therapy; and nitazoxanide, an anti-parasitic compound with possible TB activity (all chosen as conventional drug susceptibility was problematical). PBMCs collected from healthy donors were isolated and infected with M. tuberculosis H37Rv lux (i.e., luciferase). Microspheres were generated with the infected cells; the anti-microbial compounds were added and bacterial luminescence was monitored for at least 21 days. Clavulanate was added to each carbapenem to inhibit beta-lactamases. M. tuberculosis (MTB) killing efficacy was dose dependent. Clofazimine was the most effective drug inhibiting MTB growth at 2 mg/L with good killing activity at both concentrations tested. It was the only drug that killed bacteria at the lowest concentration tested. Carbapenems showed modest initial activity that was lost at around day 10 of incubation and clavulanate did not increase killing activity. Of the carbapenems tested, tebipenem was the most efficient in killing MTB, albeit at a high concentration. Nitazoxanide was effective only at concentrations not achievable with current dosing (although this might partly have been an artefact related to extensive protein binding).
Date Issued
2022-09-20
Date Acceptance
2022-09-19
Citation
Antibiotics, 2022, 11 (10), pp.1-9
ISSN
2079-6382
Publisher
MDPI AG
Start Page
1
End Page
9
Journal / Book Title
Antibiotics
Volume
11
Issue
10
Copyright Statement
© 2022 by the authors.
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
This article is an open access article
distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons
Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
This article is an open access article
distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons
Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
License URL
Sponsor
Medical Research Council (MRC)
Imperial College Trust
Commission of the European Communities
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust- BRC Funding
Identifier
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/10/1274
Grant Number
515330101
WMNF_P71650
825673
RDA01
Publication Status
Published
Date Publish Online
2022-09-20