Mechanism Underlying the Weight Loss and Complications of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass. Review
Author(s)
Abdeen, G
le Roux, CW
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Various bariatric surgical procedures are effective at improving health in patients with obesity associated co-morbidities, but the aim of this review is to specifically describe the mechanisms through which Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery enables weight loss for obese patients using observations from both human and animal studies. Perhaps most but not all clinicians would agree that the beneficial effects outweigh the harm of RYGB; however, the mechanisms for both the beneficial and deleterious (for example postprandial hypoglycaemia, vitamin deficiency and bone loss) effects are ill understood. The exaggerated release of the satiety gut hormones, such as GLP-1 and PYY, with their central and peripheral effects on food intake has given new insight into the physiological changes that happen after surgery. The initial enthusiasm after the discovery of the role of the gut hormones following RYGB may need to be tempered as the magnitude of the effects of these hormonal responses on weight loss may have been overestimated. The physiological changes after RYGB are unlikely to be due to a single hormone, or single mechanism, but most likely involve complex gut-brain signalling. Understanding the mechanisms involved with the beneficial and deleterious effects of RYGB will speed up the development of effective, cheaper and safer surgical and non-surgical treatments for obesity.
Date Issued
2015-11-03
Date Acceptance
2015-11-03
Citation
Obesity Surgery, 2015, 26 (2), pp.410-421
ISSN
1708-0428
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Start Page
410
End Page
421
Journal / Book Title
Obesity Surgery
Volume
26
Issue
2
Copyright Statement
© The Author(s) 2015. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
License URL
Sponsor
ONO Pharmaceuticals Co Ltd
Grant Number
N/A
Subjects
Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Surgery
RYGB
Mechanism
Weight loss
Complications
Food preferences
RESTING ENERGY-EXPENDITURE
VERTICAL BANDED GASTROPLASTY
GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1
PLASMA GHRELIN LEVELS
HUMAN GUT MICROBIOTA
LAPAROSCOPIC BARIATRIC SURGERY
CLINICALLY SEVERE OBESITY
SMALL-BOWEL OBSTRUCTION
MORBID-OBESITY
BODY-COMPOSITION
Animals
Eating
Gastric Bypass
Gastrointestinal Hormones
Humans
Obesity
Weight Loss
1103 Clinical Sciences
1117 Public Health And Health Services
Publication Status
Published