A steeper than linear disk mass-stellar mass scaling relation
File(s)pascucci--mohanty16.pdf (1.35 MB)
Published version
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
The disk mass is among the most important input parameter for every planet formation model to determine the number and masses of the planets that can form. We present an ALMA 887 μm survey of the disk population around objects from ~2 to 0.03 M ⊙ in the nearby ~2 Myr old Chamaeleon I star-forming region. We detect thermal dust emission from 66 out of 93 disks, spatially resolve 34 of them, and identify two disks with large dust cavities of about 45 au in radius. Assuming isothermal and optically thin emission, we convert the 887 μm flux densities into dust disk masses, hereafter M dust. We find that the ${M}_{\mathrm{dust}}\mbox{--}{M}_{* }$ relation is steeper than linear and of the form M dust ∝ (M *)1.3–1.9, where the range in the power-law index reflects two extremes of the possible relation between the average dust temperature and stellar luminosity. By reanalyzing all millimeter data available for nearby regions in a self-consistent way, we show that the 1–3 Myr old regions of Taurus, Lupus, and Chamaeleon I share the same ${M}_{\mathrm{dust}}\mbox{--}{M}_{* }$ relation, while the 10 Myr old Upper Sco association has a steeper relation. Theoretical models of grain growth, drift, and fragmentation reproduce this trend and suggest that disks are in the fragmentation-limited regime. In this regime millimeter grains will be located closer in around lower-mass stars, a prediction that can be tested with deeper and higher spatial resolution ALMA observations.
Date Issued
2016-11-03
Date Acceptance
2016-11-01
ISSN
1538-4357
Publisher
American Astronomical Society
Journal / Book Title
Astrophysical Journal
Volume
831
Issue
2
Copyright Statement
© 2016. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The definitive publisher authenticated version is available online at https://dx.doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/831/2/125
Sponsor
Imperial College Trust
Identifier
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000387792500011&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202
Grant Number
N/A
Subjects
Science & Technology
Physical Sciences
Astronomy & Astrophysics
brown dwarfs
protoplanetary disks
stars: pre-main sequence
submillimeter: planetary systems
STAR-FORMING REGION
PRE-MAIN-SEQUENCE
BROWN DWARF DISKS
SCORPIUS OB ASSOCIATION
T-TAURI STARS
PROTOPLANETARY DISKS
CHAMELEON-I
CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS
PLANET OCCURRENCE
EVOLUTIONARY MODELS
0201 Astronomical And Space Sciences
0305 Organic Chemistry
0306 Physical Chemistry (Incl. Structural)
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
ARTN 125