A 44-year-old man with recurrent ST-segment elevation: a case report of two presentations of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
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Published version
Author(s)
Cheng, Kevin
de Silva, Ranil
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Background
Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare multi-system autoimmune disorder that may present with cardiac manifestations that are often under-recognized. In this report, we discuss a usual case of a patient who presented as a cardiac emergency with recurrent ST elevation and discuss the approach and management.
Case summary
A 44-year-old man presented with two episodes of chest pain associated with ST-segment elevation on 12-lead ECG. Under investigation over the past several weeks for fatigue, nasal congestion, and red eyes, his first presentation was associated with widespread ST-segment elevation and an echogenic myocardium suggestive of myocarditis that was confirmed on cardiac MRI. A week later, the development of chest pain, antero-lateral ST elevation, and regional wall motion abnormalities suggested an acute coronary syndrome and he proceeded to primary percutaneous intervention that treated a lesion in the distal left anterior descending artery secondary to coronary arteritis. Diagnosed with GPA, he was started on immunosuppression and has had a resolution of his cardiac involvement at follow-up.
Discussion
This case report describes an unusual case of myocarditis and coronary arteritis presenting acutely in the same patient and emphasizes the importance of considering systemic autoimmune conditions when encountering primarily cardiac presentations. Early recognition and diagnosis of cardiac involvement will improve the long-term outcomes in these patients.
Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare multi-system autoimmune disorder that may present with cardiac manifestations that are often under-recognized. In this report, we discuss a usual case of a patient who presented as a cardiac emergency with recurrent ST elevation and discuss the approach and management.
Case summary
A 44-year-old man presented with two episodes of chest pain associated with ST-segment elevation on 12-lead ECG. Under investigation over the past several weeks for fatigue, nasal congestion, and red eyes, his first presentation was associated with widespread ST-segment elevation and an echogenic myocardium suggestive of myocarditis that was confirmed on cardiac MRI. A week later, the development of chest pain, antero-lateral ST elevation, and regional wall motion abnormalities suggested an acute coronary syndrome and he proceeded to primary percutaneous intervention that treated a lesion in the distal left anterior descending artery secondary to coronary arteritis. Diagnosed with GPA, he was started on immunosuppression and has had a resolution of his cardiac involvement at follow-up.
Discussion
This case report describes an unusual case of myocarditis and coronary arteritis presenting acutely in the same patient and emphasizes the importance of considering systemic autoimmune conditions when encountering primarily cardiac presentations. Early recognition and diagnosis of cardiac involvement will improve the long-term outcomes in these patients.
Date Issued
2024-05
Date Acceptance
2024-04-24
Citation
European Heart Journal: Case Reports, 2024, 8 (5)
ISSN
2514-2119
Publisher
Oxford University Press
Journal / Book Title
European Heart Journal: Case Reports
Volume
8
Issue
5
Copyright Statement
© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits
non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and
translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact
journals.permissions@oup.com
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits
non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and
translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact
journals.permissions@oup.com
License URL
Identifier
https://academic.oup.com/ehjcr/article/8/5/ytae228/7671205?login=true
Subjects
Acute coronary syndrome
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
CARDIAC INVOLVEMENT
Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
Case report
Coronary arteritis
Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Myocarditis
OUTCOMES
RELAPSE
Science & Technology
VASCULITIS
WEGENER GRANULOMATOSIS
Wegener's granulomatosis
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
ytae228
Date Publish Online
2024-05-14