Performance of a points-based scoring system for assessing species limits in birds
File(s)Review of Tobias criteria 12 Feb final.pdf (802.61 KB)
Accepted version
Author(s)
Tobias, Joseph A
Donald, Paul F
Martin, Rob W
Butchart, Stuart HM
Collar, Nigel J
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
Species are fundamental to biology, conservation, and environmental legislation; yet, there is often disagreement on how and where species limits should be drawn. Even sophisticated molecular methods have limitations, particularly in the context of geographically isolated lineages or inadequate sampling of loci. With extinction rates rising, methods are needed to assess species limits rapidly but robustly. Tobias et al. devised a points-based system to compare phenotypic divergence between taxa against the level of divergence in sympatric species, establishing a threshold to guide taxonomic assessments at a global scale. The method has received a mixed reception. To evaluate its performance, we identified 397 novel taxonomic splits from 328 parent taxa made by application of the criteria (in 2014‒2016) and searched for subsequent publications investigating the same taxa with molecular and/or phenotypic data. Only 71 (18%) novel splits from 60 parent taxa have since been investigated by independent studies, suggesting that publication of splits underpinned by the criteria in 2014–2016 accelerated taxonomic decisions by at least 33 years. In the evaluated cases, independent analyses explicitly or implicitly supported species status in 62 (87.3%) of 71 splits, with the level of support increasing to 97.2% when excluding subsequent studies limited only to molecular data, and reaching 100% when the points-based criteria were applied using recommended sample sizes. Despite the fact that the training set used to calibrate the criteria was heavily weighted toward passerines, splits of passerines and non-passerines received equally strong support from independent research. We conclude that the method provides a useful tool for quantifying phenotypic divergence and fast-tracking robust taxonomic decisions at a global scale.
Date Issued
2021-04-06
Date Acceptance
2021-02-17
Citation
Ornithology, 2021, 138 (2), pp.1-14
ISSN
2732-4613
Publisher
Oxford University Press
Start Page
1
End Page
14
Journal / Book Title
Ornithology
Volume
138
Issue
2
Copyright Statement
© American Ornithological Society 2021. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model)
This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model)
Identifier
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000698981100020&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202
Subjects
Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Ornithology
Zoology
avian systematics
species limits
taxonomy
BRACHYPTERYX-MONTANA
CRYPTIC DIVERSITY
TAXONOMY
COMPLEX
DIVERSIFICATION
DELIMITATION
PASSERIFORMES
MITOCHONDRIAL
CONSERVATION
BIOGEOGRAPHY
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
ARTN ukab016
Date Publish Online
2021-04-09