FEMA GRAS assessment of natural flavor complexes: Lavender, Guaiac Coriander-derived and related flavoring ingredients
File(s)1-s2.0-S0278691520304749-main.pdf (2.1 MB)
Published version
OA Location
Author(s)
Type
Journal Article
Abstract
In 2015, the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) initiated a program for the re-evaluation of the safety of over 250 natural flavor complexes (NFCs) used as flavor ingredients. This publication, fifth in the series, evaluates the safety of NFCs containing linalool and/or other characteristic mono- and sesquiterpenoid tertiary alcohols and esters using the safety evaluation procedure published by the FEMA Expert Panel in 2005 and updated in 2018. The procedure relies on a complete chemical characterization of the NFC intended for commerce and organization of the chemical constituents of each NFC into well-defined congeneric groups. The safety of each NFC is evaluated using the well-established and conservative threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) concept in addition to data on absorption, metabolism and toxicology of both the constituent congeneric groups and the NFCs. Sixteen NFCs, derived from the Lavandula, Aniba, Elettaria, Daucus, Salvia, Coriandrum, Ribes, Guaiacum/Bulnesia, Citrus, Pogostemon, Melaleuca and Michelia genera, were affirmed as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) under their conditions of intended use as flavor ingredients based on an evaluation of each NFC and the constituents and congeneric groups therein.
Date Issued
2020-11-01
Date Acceptance
2020-07-04
Citation
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2020, 145, pp.1-24
ISSN
0278-6915
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Start Page
1
End Page
24
Journal / Book Title
Food and Chemical Toxicology
Volume
145
Copyright Statement
© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. Under a Creative Commons license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Identifier
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278691520304749?via%3Dihub
Subjects
Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Food Science & Technology
Toxicology
NATURALLY-OCCURRING ALKENYLBENZENES
CYTOCHROME-P450 ENZYME SPECIFICITY
POST-LABELING ANALYSIS
DNA-ADDUCTS
ESSENTIAL OIL
SAFETY EVALUATION
SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM
TOXICOLOGICAL CONCERN
MUTAGENIC ACTIVITIES
SUBSTANCES PRESENT
Animals
Consumer Product Safety
Escherichia coli
Female
Flavoring Agents
Humans
Male
Mice
Monoterpenes
Mutagenicity Tests
No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level
Plant Oils
Plants
Rats
Salmonella typhimurium
Sesquiterpenes
Animals
Humans
Mice
Rats
Escherichia coli
Salmonella typhimurium
Plants
Monoterpenes
Sesquiterpenes
Plant Oils
Flavoring Agents
Mutagenicity Tests
No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level
Consumer Product Safety
Female
Male
Food Science
0908 Food Sciences
Publication Status
Published
Article Number
ARTN 111584
Date Publish Online
2020-07-16